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Single dose human perinatal stem cells accelerate healing of cold‐induced rat burn wound

Temporal phases of wound healing and their corresponding healing factors are essential in wound regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) accelerate wound healing via their paracrine secretions by enhancing cell migration, angiogenesis, and reducing inflammation. This study evaluated the local the...

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Published in:Cell biochemistry and function 2024-04, Vol.42 (3), p.e4008-n/a
Main Authors: Jameel, Fatima, Khan, Irfan, Malick, Tuba Shakil, Qazi, Rida‐e‐Maria, Zaidi, Midhat Batool, Salim, Asmat, Khalil, Enam A.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Temporal phases of wound healing and their corresponding healing factors are essential in wound regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) accelerate wound healing via their paracrine secretions by enhancing cell migration, angiogenesis, and reducing inflammation. This study evaluated the local therapeutic effect of human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs) in the healing of cold‐induced burn wounds. An in vitro wound (scratch) was developed in rat skin fibroblasts. The culture was maintained in the conditioned medium (CM) which was prepared by inducing an artificial wound in hUCMSCs in a separate experiment. Treated fibroblasts were analyzed for the gene expression profile of healing mediators involved in wound closure. Findings revealed enhanced cell migration and increased levels of healing mediators in the treated fibroblasts relative to the untreated group. Cold‐induced burn wounds were developed in Wistar rats, followed by a single injection of hUCMSCs. Wound healing pattern was examined based on the healing phases: hemostasis/inflammation (Days 1, 3), cell proliferation (Day 7), and remodeling (Day 14). Findings exhibited enhanced wound closure in the treated wound. Gene expression, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses further confirmed enhanced wound regeneration after hUCMSC transplantation. Temporal gene expression profile revealed that the level of corresponding cytokines was substantially increased in the treated wound as compared with the control, indicating improvement in the processes of angiogenesis and remodeling, and a substantial reduction in inflammation. Histology revealed significant collagen formation along with regenerated skin layers and appendages, whereas immunohistochemistry exhibited increased neovascularization during remodeling. Leukocyte infiltration was also suppressed in the treated group. Overall findings demonstrate that a single dose of hUCMSCs enhances wound healing in vivo, and their secreted growth factors accelerate cell migration in vitro. Significant statement Burn injuries are prevalent and critical to manage by the healthcare system. The prime concern of specialized facilities is to focus on patient stabilization, preventing infection, and ensuring functional recovery. Better understanding is required to develop novel therapeutic approaches targeting different pathways for reducing wound progression and inflammation and enhancing wound closure. The present investigation provides evidence that the single dos
ISSN:0263-6484
1099-0844
DOI:10.1002/cbf.4008