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On the Association Between Intention and Visual Word Identification

One of the most fundamental distinctions in cognitive psychology is between processing that is "controlled" and processing that is "automatic." The widely held automatic processing account of visual word identification asserts that, among other characteristics, the presentation o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian journal of experimental psychology 2024-06, Vol.78 (2), p.114-128
Main Authors: Besner, Derek, MacLeod, Colin M.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:One of the most fundamental distinctions in cognitive psychology is between processing that is "controlled" and processing that is "automatic." The widely held automatic processing account of visual word identification asserts that, among other characteristics, the presentation of a well-formed letter string triggers sublexical, lexical, and semantic activation in the absence of any intention to do so. Instead, the role of intention is seen as independent of stimulus identification and as restricted to selection for action using the products of identification (e.g., braking in response to a sign saying "BRIDGE OUT"). We consider four paradigms with respect to the role of an intention-defined here as a "task set" indicating how to perform in the current situation-when identifying single well-formed letter strings. Contrary to the received automaticity view, the literature regarding each of these paradigms demonstrates that the relation between an intention and stimulus identification is constrained in multiple ways, many of which are not well understood at present. One thing is clear: There is no simple relation between an intention, in the form of a task set, and stimulus identification. Automatic processing of words, if this indeed ever occurs, certainly is not a system default. L'une des distinctions les plus fondamentales en psychologie cognitive est celle entre le traitement « contrôlé » et le traitement « automatique ». Le concept du traitement automatique de l'identification visuelle des mots, largement répandu, affirme que, parmi d'autres caractéristiques, la présentation d'une chaîne de lettres bien formée déclenche une activation sublexicale, lexicale et sémantique en l'absence de toute intention de le faire. Au contraire, le rôle de l'intention est considéré comme indépendant de l'identification du stimulus et limité à la sélection d'une action utilisant les produits de l'identification (par exemple, freiner en apercevant un panneau indiquant « PONT EN RÉFECTION »). Nous examinons quatre paradigmes concernant le rôle d'une intention - définie ici comme un « ensemble de tâches » indiquant comment agir dans la situation actuelle - lors de l'identification de chaînes de lettres simples et bien formées. Contrairement à l'idée reçue de l'automaticité, la littérature concernant chacun de ces paradigmes démontre que la relation entre une intention et l'identification d'un stimulus est limitée de multiples façons, dont beaucoup ne sont pas bien comprises
ISSN:1196-1961
1878-7290
DOI:10.1037/cep0000326