Assessment of Sleep Disorders in Patients with CVID

• Published in: Journal of clinical immunology 2024-06, Vol.44 (5), p.109, Article 109
• Main Authors: Punj, Mantavya, Neshat, Seyed Sina, Mateus, Alejandra Yu Lee, Cheung, Joseph, Squire, Jacqueline D.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Common variable immunodeficiency; Common Variable Immunodeficiency - complications; Common Variable Immunodeficiency - diagnosis; Common Variable Immunodeficiency - epidemiology; Fatigue; Fatigue - diagnosis; Fatigue - epidemiology; Fatigue - etiology; Female; Humans; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Internal Medicine; Male; Medical Microbiology; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Severity of Illness Index; Sleep apnea; Sleep Apnea Syndromes - diagnosis; Sleep Apnea Syndromes - epidemiology; Sleep disorders; Sleep Wake Disorders - diagnosis; Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology; Sleep Wake Disorders - etiology; Surveys and Questionnaires
• ISSN: 0271-9142; 1573-2592; 1573-2592
• DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01711-y

Inborn errors of immunity have been associated with reduced health-related quality of life and increased fatigue. Sleep disorders, which have been shown to contribute to fatigue and other health concerns, are prevalent in the general population, but there are limited studies evaluating these conditions in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of fatigue, sleep disturbances, and sleep-disordered breathing in adults with CVID. Patients completed 4 validated, self-administered questionnaires and a 1-night disposable home sleep apnea test. Our results demonstrated increased median Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System fatigue scores of 58.7 in patients with CVID in addition to clinically significant fatigue as measured by Fatigue Severity Scale score (median, 5.2) and overall poor sleep quality based on global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (median, 9.0). For CVID patients who completed the home sleep apnea test, 76.9% met criteria for sleep-disordered breathing with an Apnea-Hypopnea Index score of 5 or greater. The results of our study indicate that patients with CVID may have increased rates of undiagnosed sleep disorders that may contribute to increased fatigue and reduced health-related quality of life.