Sex differences in neural responses to emotional facial expressions are associated with lifetime depression and mania risk

No studies systematically examined sex differences in neural mechanisms underlying depression and mania/hypomania risk. 80 females and 35 males, n = 115(age21.6±1.90) were scanned using 3TfMRI during an implicit emotional-faces task. We examined neural activation to all emotional faces versus baseli...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of affective disorders 2024-08, Vol.359, p.33-40
Main Authors: Arora, Manan, Bertocci, Michele A., Schumer, Maya C., Skeba, Alexander S., Bebko, Genna, Stiffler, Richelle S., Brady, Tyler J., Afriyie-Agyemang, Yvette, Aslam, Haris A., Graur, Simona, Benjamin, Osasumwen, Wang, Yiming, Phillips, Mary L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Bipolar disorder
Bipolar Disorder - diagnostic imaging
Bipolar Disorder - physiopathology
Bipolar Disorder - psychology
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Brain - physiopathology
Depression
Depression - physiopathology
Depression - psychology
Emotions - physiology
Facial Expression
Facial Recognition - physiology
Female
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Mania
Mania - physiopathology
Neural markers
Risk
Sex differences
Sex Factors
Young Adult
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Summary:No studies systematically examined sex differences in neural mechanisms underlying depression and mania/hypomania risk. 80 females and 35 males, n = 115(age21.6±1.90) were scanned using 3TfMRI during an implicit emotional-faces task. We examined neural activation to all emotional faces versus baseline, using an anatomical region-of-interest mask comprising regions supporting emotion and salience processing. Sex was a covariate. Extracted parameter estimates(FWE  15), age, IQ and their sex interactions were independent variables(IV) in two penalized regression models: dependent variable either MOODS-SR-lifetime, depressive or manic domain score as measures of mania and depression risk. Subsequent Poisson regression models included the non-zero variables identified in the penalized regression models. We tested each model in 2 independent samples. Test sample-I,n = 108(21.6 ± 2.09 years,males/females = 33/75); Test sample-II,n = 93(23.7 ± 2.9 years,males/females = 31/62). Poisson regression models yielded significant relationships with depression and mania risk: Positive correlations were found between right fusiform activity and depression(beta = 0.610) and mania(beta = 0.690) risk. There was a significant interaction between sex and right fusiform activity(beta = −0.609) related to depression risk, where females had a positive relationship than; and a significant interaction(beta = 0.743) between sex and left precuneus activity related to mania risk, with a more negative relationship in females than males. All findings were replicated in the test samples(qs 
ISSN:0165-0327
1573-2517
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.042