Global prevalence of major depressive disorder in LGBTQ+ samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

LGBTQ+ populations have been reported to have higher rates of depression compared with their heterosexual peers. Such data provided us the impetus to conduct a meta-analysis on the worldwide prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in LGBTQ+ populations and moderating factors that contributed t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of affective disorders 2024-09, Vol.360, p.249-258
Main Authors: Cai, Hong, Chen, Pan, Zhang, Qinge, Lam, Mei Ieng, Si, Tong Leong, Liu, Yu-Fei, Zheng, Wan-Ying, Su, Zhaohui, Cheung, Teris, Jackson, Todd, Ungvari, Gabor S., Ren, Zhihong, Li, Xinyue, Li, Xiao-Hong, Xiang, Yu-Tao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology
Epidemiology
Female
Global Health - statistics & numerical data
Humans
LGBTQ
Major depression disorder
Male
meta-analysis
Prevalence
Sexual and Gender Minorities - statistics & numerical data
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Summary:LGBTQ+ populations have been reported to have higher rates of depression compared with their heterosexual peers. Such data provided us the impetus to conduct a meta-analysis on the worldwide prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in LGBTQ+ populations and moderating factors that contributed to differences in prevalence estimates between studies. A systematic literature search was performed in major international (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE) and Chinese (Chinese Nation Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WANFANG) databases from dates of inception to 10 December 2021. 48 articles comprising 4,616,903 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of MDD was 32.2 % (95%CI: 30.8–33.6 %, I2 = 99.6 %, τ2 = 0.284). MDD prevalence was higher in the LGBTQ+ samples from the United States than other countries, though the difference was not significant in moderator analyses. Moderator analyses indicated point and lifetime prevalence of MDD were significantly higher than estimates based on the past year (Q = 6.270, p = 0.043). Furthermore, studies that relied on convenience sampling had a higher prevalence of MDD than those based on other sampling methods (Q = 8.159, p = 0.017). In meta-regression analyses, mean age (B = 0.03, z = 9.54, p 
ISSN:0165-0327
1573-2517
1573-2517
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.115