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Pricing the priceless childcare: Early childhood education for babies and toddlers

This article connects Viviana Zelizer's theory of the social meaning of money to family studies, using the case of American parents’ spending on children. We investigate how money spent on the youngest children—babies and toddlers—reflects the growing expert emphasis on the importance of parent...

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Published in:The Canadian review of sociology 2024-11, Vol.61 (4), p.371-391
Main Authors: Bandelj, Nina, Spiegel, Michelle
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Spiegel, Michelle
description This article connects Viviana Zelizer's theory of the social meaning of money to family studies, using the case of American parents’ spending on children. We investigate how money spent on the youngest children—babies and toddlers—reflects the growing expert emphasis on the importance of parental investment in the critical early period for child development. First, we review literature on expert knowledge to trace the shift in increasing emphasis on the importance of building children's cognitive skills through formal education beginning in infancy, offered in center‐based care, moving from spaces of “childcare” to “early childhood education” centers. Second, we use quantitative data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (1995–2017) to show that parents have increasingly spent money, and an increasing share of their income, on center‐based care for babies and toddlers but not on other child items. Additionally, lower income families have been spending a greater share of their income on center‐based care for their infants than other families. We interpret our findings using Zelizer's theory about the cultural influences on the meaning of money, showing how these can be expert‐led and persist even when families are faced with structural economic constraints. French Cet article relie la théorie de Viviana Zelizer sur la signification sociale de l'argent aux études sur la famille, en utilisant le cas des dépenses des parents américains pour leurs enfants. Nous étudions comment l'argent dépensé pour les plus jeunes enfants‐ les bébés et les tout‐petits—reflète l'importance croissante que les experts accordent à l'investissement parental dans la période critique du développement de l'enfant. Tout d'abord, nous passons en revue la littérature sur les connaissances des experts afin de retracer l'évolution de l'accent mis sur l'importance de développer les compétences cognitives des enfants par le biais d'une éducation formelle dès la petite enfance, proposée dans des centres d'accueil, qui sont moins des espaces de « garde d'enfants » et davantage des centres d'« éducation de la petite enfance ». Deuxièmement, nous utilisons les données quantitatives du Consumer Expenditure Survey (1995‐2017) pour montrer que les parents dépensent de plus en plus d'argent, et une part de plus en plus importante de leurs revenus, pour la garde des bébés et des jeunes enfants dans des centres d'accueil, mais pas pour d'autres articles liés à l'enfance. De plus, les familles à faibles
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We interpret our findings using Zelizer's theory about the cultural influences on the meaning of money, showing how these can be expert‐led and persist even when families are faced with structural economic constraints. French Cet article relie la théorie de Viviana Zelizer sur la signification sociale de l'argent aux études sur la famille, en utilisant le cas des dépenses des parents américains pour leurs enfants. Nous étudions comment l'argent dépensé pour les plus jeunes enfants‐ les bébés et les tout‐petits—reflète l'importance croissante que les experts accordent à l'investissement parental dans la période critique du développement de l'enfant. Tout d'abord, nous passons en revue la littérature sur les connaissances des experts afin de retracer l'évolution de l'accent mis sur l'importance de développer les compétences cognitives des enfants par le biais d'une éducation formelle dès la petite enfance, proposée dans des centres d'accueil, qui sont moins des espaces de « garde d'enfants » et davantage des centres d'« éducation de la petite enfance ». Deuxièmement, nous utilisons les données quantitatives du Consumer Expenditure Survey (1995‐2017) pour montrer que les parents dépensent de plus en plus d'argent, et une part de plus en plus importante de leurs revenus, pour la garde des bébés et des jeunes enfants dans des centres d'accueil, mais pas pour d'autres articles liés à l'enfance. De plus, les familles à faibles revenus consacrent une part plus importante de leurs revenus à la garde de leurs enfants en bas âge dans des centres que les autres familles. 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We interpret our findings using Zelizer's theory about the cultural influences on the meaning of money, showing how these can be expert‐led and persist even when families are faced with structural economic constraints. French Cet article relie la théorie de Viviana Zelizer sur la signification sociale de l'argent aux études sur la famille, en utilisant le cas des dépenses des parents américains pour leurs enfants. Nous étudions comment l'argent dépensé pour les plus jeunes enfants‐ les bébés et les tout‐petits—reflète l'importance croissante que les experts accordent à l'investissement parental dans la période critique du développement de l'enfant. 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source International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS); Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection; Sociological Abstracts
subjects Child care
Child Care - economics
Child Care - statistics & numerical data
Child Development
Child, Preschool
Childhood
Children
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive skills
Data
Early childhood education
Education
Expenditures
Experts
Families & family life
Family research
Family studies
Humans
Income - statistics & numerical data
Infancy
Infant
Infants
Literature reviews
Low income groups
Money
Parents & parenting
Parents - psychology
Polls & surveys
Social meaning
Toddlers
United States
title Pricing the priceless childcare: Early childhood education for babies and toddlers
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