Silver(I) Complexes with Mefenamic Acid and Nitrogen Heterocyclic Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation

• Published in: Inorganic chemistry 2024-07, Vol.63 (27), p.12624-12634
• Main Authors: Zhang, Lu-Lin, Huang, Xiang, Azam, Mohammad, Yuan, Hua-Xin, Ma, Feng-Jie, Cheng, Yuan-Zheng, Zhang, Li-Ping, Sun, Di
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Agents - chemical synthesis; Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Apoptosis - drug effects; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Coordination Complexes - chemical synthesis; Coordination Complexes - chemistry; Coordination Complexes - pharmacology; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Heterocyclic Compounds - chemical synthesis; Heterocyclic Compounds - chemistry; Heterocyclic Compounds - pharmacology; Humans; Ligands; Mefenamic Acid - chemistry; Mefenamic Acid - pharmacology; Molecular Structure; Nitrogen - chemistry; Serum Albumin, Bovine - chemistry; Serum Albumin, Bovine - metabolism; Silver - chemistry; Silver - pharmacology
• ISSN: 0020-1669; 1520-510X; 1520-510X
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01766

Four Ag­(I) complexes with mefenamato and nitrogen heterocyclic ligands, [Ag­(2-apy)­(mef)]2 (1), [Ag­(3-apy)­(mef)] (2), [Ag2(tmpyz)­(mef)2] (3), and {[Ag­(4,4′-bipy)­(mef)]2(CH3CN)1.5(H2O)2} n (4), (mef = mefenamato, 2-apy = 2-aminopyridine, 3-apy = 3-aminopyridine, tmpyz = 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine), were synthesized and characterized. The interactions of these complexes with BSA were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy, which indicated that these complexes quench the fluorescence of BSA by a static mechanism. The fluorescence data also indicated that the complexes showed good affinity for BSA, and one binding site on BSA was suitable for the complexes. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the four complexes against human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HepG-2, A549, and MDA-MB-468) and one normal cell line (HTR-8) was evaluated by the MTT assay. Complex 1 displayed high cytotoxic activity against A549 cells. Further studies revealed that complex 1 could enhance the intracellular levels of ROS (reactive oxygen species) in A549 cells, cause cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and induce apoptosis in A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner.