Cement pastes containing air entraining agent release the biocide octylisothiazolinone posing ecotoxicological effects

• Published in: The Science of the total environment 2024-11, Vol.950, p.174606, Article 174606
• Main Authors: Amann, S., Bell, A.M., Dietrich, C., Wick, A., Ternes, T.A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air entraining agent; Cement paste leaching; Ecotoxicological effects; Grinding aids; Non-target screening; Octylisothiazolinone
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174606

We investigated whether cement pastes are a possible source of ecotoxicologically potent substances. For this purpose, leaching according to DIN EN 16637-2 was performed on portland cement pastes as well as blast furnace slag cement with and without an air entraining agent (AEA). The AEA, consisting of wood rosin and resin, contained the stabiliser drometrizole and the biocide octylisothiazolinone (OIT), which was confirmed by our non-target screening (NTS). Our ecotoxicological studies (Daphnia magna, Aliivibrio fischeri and Desmodesmus subspicatus) of the pure cement eluates showed no effects at all. In these samples, it was possible to attribute up to 85 % of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to acetate, formate and diethylene glycol (DiEG). Eluates from cement pastes with AEA contained up to 70 μg/L octylisothiazolinone (OIT), and no drometrizole was found. Around 90 % of the total OIT release happened within the first 6 h. It was possible to attribute the observed ecotoxicological effects mainly to the OIT concentrations. Additional leaching with elevated sulphate concentrations (800 mg/L) did not influence the release of DOC and OIT or increase the ecotoxicological effects. As a consequence, we advise curing the cement paste for 24 h prior to use, as this largely avoids the release of OIT and the observed ecotoxicological effects. [Display omitted] •Dissolved organic carbon of cement paste eluates mainly consists of grinding aids.•Non-Target Screening identified organic substances released.•Adding air entraining agent caused adverse ecotoxicological effects.•Ecotoxicological effects could be linked to the occurrence of chemicals.