Experimental and modeling of potassium diclofenac uptake on activated carbon

The presence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater resulting from human activities has driven researchers to explore effective treatment methods such as adsorption using activated carbon (AC). While AC shows promise as an adsorbent, further studies are essential to comprehend its entire interaction with...

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Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2024-07, Vol.31 (35), p.48650-48662
Main Authors: de Azevedo, Cristiane Ferraz, de Souza, Nicholas Fernandes, Cardoso, Frantchescole Borges, Fuhr, Ana Carolina Ferreira Piazzi, Lima, Eder Claudio, Osório, Alice Gonçalves, Machado Machado, Fernando
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Adsorbates
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Diclofenac
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Enthalpy
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Fourier transforms
Hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonds
Infrared analysis
Infrared spectroscopy
Modelling
Multilayers
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Pharmaceuticals
Potassium
Research Article
Waste Water Technology
Wastewater treatment
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:The presence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater resulting from human activities has driven researchers to explore effective treatment methods such as adsorption using activated carbon (AC). While AC shows promise as an adsorbent, further studies are essential to comprehend its entire interaction with pharmaceuticals. This article investigates the adsorption of potassium diclofenac (PD) onto AC using experimental and modeling approaches. Batch adsorption studies coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to clarify the adsorption mechanism of PD on AC. Various kinetic and isotherm adsorption models were applied to analyze the adsorbent-adsorbate interaction. The kinetics were best described by Avrami's fractional order (AFO) nonlinear model. Also, the intraparticle diffusion (IP) model reveals a three-stage adsorption process. The experimental equilibrium data fitted well with the three-parameter nonlinear Liu model, indicating a maximum adsorption capacity ( Q max ) of 88.45 mg g −1 and suggesting monolayer or multilayer adsorption. Thermodynamic analysis showed favorable adsorption (ΔG° 
ISSN:1614-7499
0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-024-34407-2