Systematic Review of the Effects of Sparkling Water Consumption on Blood Pressure

• Published in: Current nutrition reports 2024-12, Vol.13 (4), p.709-717
• Main Authors: Santana-Ramos, Héctor, Batista, Javier
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Blood Pressure - drug effects; Carbonated Beverages - adverse effects; Cardiology; Clinical Nutrition; Diabetes; Drinking; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Humans; Hypertension; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Oncology; Review; Sodium, Dietary - adverse effects; Topical Collection on Cardiovascular Disease
• ISSN: 2161-3311; 2161-3311
• DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00562-8

Purpose of review At present, almost all national health agencies and professional societies recommend reducing dietary sodium to lower blood pressure and prevent cardiovascular disease and stroke. The scientific community has questioned these recommendations multiple times. However, the institutions have clarified that the evidence supporting the reduction of sodium intake remains strong. This review is an examination of the literature on the impact of carbonated water consumption on the blood pressure of hypertensive patients Recent findings Current literature focuses on the act of ingestion and the immediate post-consumption periods, highlighting the significant role of the nervous system on blood pressure increase. This differs from earlier literature, which predominantly focused on hypotheses surrounding the nutritional components responsible for elevated blood pressure Summary Research findings remains uncertainty regarding whether hypertensive patients should avoid the consumption of sparkling water. To contextualize these results, we discuss potential physiological mechanisms, recommendations from relevant organizations, and variations in methodologies and study designs. In conclusion, the question of whether hypertensive patients should steer clear of sparkling water remains unanswered.