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Assessing the influence of nursing home size and care models on COVID-19 case and mortality rates

This study contributes to the existing literature by:•Study finds smaller, person-centered green houses (GHs) have lower COVID-19 infection rates compared to traditional and CCRC nursing homes, emphasizing the need for long-term care facilities to adopt more personalized care models to reduce transm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geriatric nursing (New York) 2024-11, Vol.60, p.21-27
Main Authors: Young, Yuchi, Liu, Yichun, Shayya, Ashley, Chiu, Wan-Yu, Hsu, Wanhsiang, O'Grady, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:This study contributes to the existing literature by:•Study finds smaller, person-centered green houses (GHs) have lower COVID-19 infection rates compared to traditional and CCRC nursing homes, emphasizing the need for long-term care facilities to adopt more personalized care models to reduce transmission risk.•Despite varying COVID-19 infection risks across different nursing home settings, mortality rates remained consistent, suggesting that factors beyond facility size and care model play a role in COVID-19 outcomes among nursing home residents.•The findings underscore the importance of nursing home design and operational practices in controlling infections. Integrating Green House model features, lime smaller environments and person-centered care, could improve outcomes, but may require policy changes and increased resources and funding support. This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on older adults in traditional nursing homes, Green Houses (GHs), and Continuing Care Retirement Communities-Nursing Homes (CCRCNHs). COVID-19 cases and deaths from CMS and LTCFocus data across 11 states from 6/2020 to 9/2022 were used, and Poisson regressions to compare care settings while adjusting for covariates. CCRCNH and GH residents were older (84.4 and 83.1 years) than those in traditional NHs (77.5 and 77.6 years, p < 0.0001), with more female and White individuals. COVID-19 risk was higher in CCRCNHs (RR 1.51, 95 % CI 1.10–2.07), large NHs (RR 1.57, 95 % CI 1.14–2.15), and highest in small NHs (RR 1.80, 95 % CI 1.32–2.47). Mortality rates across NH types showed no significant difference. The study shows that smaller, person-centered GHs are more effective in controlling COVID-19 infection, suggesting a need to rethink care models to incorporating GH features for better outcomes. GEORGE2 07-AUG-2024 11:31.
ISSN:0197-4572
1528-3984
1528-3984
DOI:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.07.039