Beyond morphogenesis and secondary metabolism: function of Velvet proteins and LaeA in fungal pathogenesis

Velvet proteins, as well as the epigenetic regulator LaeA, are conserved in numerous fungal species, where, in response to environmental cues, they control several crucial cellular processes, including sexual and asexual morphogenesis, secondary metabolism, response to oxidative stress, and virulenc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied and environmental microbiology 2024-10, Vol.90 (10), p.e0081924
Main Authors: Calvo, Ana M, Dabholkar, Apoorva, Wyman, Elizabeth M, Lohmar, Jessica M, Cary, Jeffrey W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal diseases
Animals
Aspergillus - genetics
Aspergillus - growth & development
Aspergillus - metabolism
Disease control
Epigenetics
Food Microbiology
Fungal Proteins - genetics
Fungal Proteins - metabolism
Fungi
Fungi - genetics
Fungi - metabolism
Fungi - pathogenicity
Fungi - physiology
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
Metabolism
Minireview
Morphogenesis
Opportunist infection
Oxidative metabolism
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Pathogens
Plant diseases
Plant Diseases - microbiology
Plant layout
Proteins
Regulatory proteins
Secondary Metabolism
Virulence
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Summary:Velvet proteins, as well as the epigenetic regulator LaeA, are conserved in numerous fungal species, where, in response to environmental cues, they control several crucial cellular processes, including sexual and asexual morphogenesis, secondary metabolism, response to oxidative stress, and virulence. During the last two decades, knowledge of their mechanism of action as well as understanding their functional roles, has greatly increased, particularly in species. Research efforts from multiple groups followed, leading to the characterization of other Velvet and LaeA homologs in species of other fungal genera, including important opportunistic plant and animal pathogens. This review focuses mainly on the current knowledge of the role of Velvet and LaeA function in fungal pathogenesis. Velvet proteins and LaeA are unique to fungi, and for this reason, additional knowledge of these critical regulatory proteins will be important in the development of targeted control strategies to decrease the detrimental impact of fungal pathogens capable of causing disease in plants and animals.
ISSN:0099-2240
1098-5336
1098-5336
DOI:10.1128/aem.00819-24