Effect of abnormal placentation on fetal heart function and neonatal outcomes

• Published in: Journal of clinical ultrasound 2024-11, Vol.52 (9), p.1386-1393
• Main Authors: Dogru, Sukran, Atci, Asli Altinordu, Akkus, Fatih, Acar, Ali
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Apgar Score; Female; Fetal Heart - diagnostic imaging; Fetal Heart - physiopathology; fetal myocardial performance index; Fetuses; Heart function; Humans; Infant, Newborn; neonatal outcome; Neonates; Performance indices; Placenta; Placenta Accreta - diagnostic imaging; Placenta Accreta - physiopathology; placenta percreta; Placenta Previa - diagnostic imaging; Placenta Previa - physiopathology; Predictive control; Pregnancy; Pregnancy complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Sensitivity; Sensitivity and Specificity; Ultrasonography, Prenatal - methods
• ISSN: 0091-2751; 1097-0096; 1097-0096
• DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23790

Objective This study aimed to investigate the fetal modified (mod)‐myocardial performance index (MPI) for fetal cardiac function in placenta percreta (PPC) pregnancies with placenta previa (PP) and assess neonatal outcomes. Materials and Methods This study included 104 pregnant women: 52 with PPC and 52 as the control group. Mod‐MPI measurements and neonatal outcomes were evaluated in all cases. Results The PPC group had a significantly lower left ejection time (p = 0.044) and significantly higher mod‐MPI (p = 0.001) than the control group. The optimal mod‐MPI predictive cut‐off value at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission in the PPC group was 0.53 with 53.8% specificity and 88.5% sensitivity (p = 0.019). The optimal mod‐MPI predictive cut‐off value at the 5th APGAR score below 7 in the PPC group was 0.55 with a specificity of 67.7% and a sensitivity of 76.2% (p = 0.016). Conclusion Fetal MPI was higher in pregnant women with PPC compared to the control group. Among the PPC cases, those with MPI above a certain predictive level showed more frequent NICU admissions and lower APGAR scores. Fetal MPI was found to be higher in pregnant women with PPC compared to normal pregnant women. Among the PPC cases, those with MPI above a certain predictive level showed more frequent intensive care unit admissions and lower APGAR scores. Intrauterine cardiac dysfunction may persist postpartum or predispose to cardiovascular disease in the long term.