Co-immobilization of lipase and β-galactosidase in gelatin-carboxymethyl cellulose blend films used as an active packaging component

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules 2024-11, Vol.281 (Pt 3), p.136463, Article 136463
• Main Authors: Esteves, Indira Sardinha Caló, dos Santos, Juscivaldo Passos, Souza, Mariana Costa, Rigoli, Isabel Cristina, Camilloto, Geany Peruch, José, Nádia Mamede
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: beta-Galactosidase - chemistry; beta-Galactosidase - metabolism; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium - chemistry; Enzyme co-immobilization; Enzyme Stability; Enzymes, Immobilized - chemistry; Enzymes, Immobilized - metabolism; Gelatin; Gelatin - chemistry; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Lipase; Lipase - chemistry; Lipase - metabolism; Temperature; Tensile Strength; Thermogravimetry; β-Galactosidase
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136463

β-Galactosidase and lipase were co-immobilized in polymeric blends of gelatin (GEL) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) synthesized with different ratios of GEL/CMC: A (0GEL:100CMC), B (25GEL:75CMC), C (50GEL:50CMC), D (75GEL:25CMC), E (100GEL:0CMC). The films obtained good electrostatic interaction and a regular and uniform structure. The addition of CMC increased the mechanical resistance of the films, the tensile strength being 35.04 ± 0.10 MPa for A (0GEL:100CMC) films and 19.17 ± 2.44 MPa for E (100GEL:0CMC) films. Thermogravimetry (TG) showed that the addition of the enzyme decreases the thermal stability of the films. Film B (25GEL:75CMC) showed greater affinity with the added enzymes and greater thermal stability, in addition to increasing the crystallinity by up to 5.8 % and forming more transparent films. CMC was the most hydrophilic polymer, with higher moisture content (17.35 ± 1.73 %) and PVA (0.398 ± 0.047 g.mm/h.m2.kPa), higher still after the addition of enzyme (22.91 ± 1.06 % and 1.136 ± 0.087 g.mm/h.m2.kPa). The enzymes showed greater interaction with the bulky groups of CMC and the film with the highest concentration of this polymer was the one that presented the best hydrolysis rate of lactose and triglycerides, enabling the production of films. •Enzymes was co-immobilization in active blends films of gelatina-CMC based.•CMC improved mechanical properties and crystallinity compared to films.•The blends increased the thermal stability of the films.•The enzymes are more stable in the blend with a higher proportion of CMC.•Active films have a good hydrolysis rate of lactose and fatty acids.