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Nivolumab in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Results of Polish multicenter observational study

Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who have progressed following primary treatment (PT) have a poor prognosis. In this group, nivolumab has been demonstrated to significantly improve outcomes. This study presents the efficacy of nivolumab in Polish patients with recurrent an...

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Published in:International journal of cancer 2024-11
Main Authors: Rutkowski, Tomasz Wojciech, Kurczyk, Agata, Drosik-Rutowicz, Katarzyna, Kiprian, Dorota, Dębicka, Izabella, Sierko, Ewa, Konopka-Filippow, Monika, Kaźmierska, Joanna, Łukasiewicz-Grella, Monika, Cząstkiewicz-Trawińska, Diana, Mrochem-Domin, Izolda, Ryniewicz-Zander, Iwona, Borysiewicz, Zuzanna, Chmielowska, Ewa, Jasiówka, Marek, Źrebiec-Figura, Monika, Karpińska, Agnieszka, Pacholczak-Madej, Renata, Leś, Dominika, Pietruszka, Agnieszka, Łasinska, Izabela, Składowski, Krzysztof
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who have progressed following primary treatment (PT) have a poor prognosis. In this group, nivolumab has been demonstrated to significantly improve outcomes. This study presents the efficacy of nivolumab in Polish patients with recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) HNSCC using real-world data. The analyzed group consisted of 324 adult patients with R/M HNSCC following platinum-based therapy. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the time from completion of PT to nivolumab initiation (tPT-N): within 6 months (refractory), between 6 and 24 months (sensitive, tPT-N ≤24), and beyond 24 months (sensitive, tPT-N >24). Survival analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model were performed to evaluate how various risk factors affect patient outcomes. The 1-year and 2-year overall survival (OS) was 19.1%, 6.1%, 30.7%, 9.4%, and 45.7%, 29.1% in refractory, sensitive tPT-N ≤24, sensitive tPT-N >24 patients, respectively and was higher for both sensitivity groups vs. refractory (p = .004) and for sensitive tPT-N >24 versus refractory and sensitive tPT-N ≤24 (p 24 (HR = 0.53, p = .001) and nasopharyngeal cancer on OS (HR = 0.20, p = .008). Conversely, female sex was identified as an unfavorable factor for OS (HR = 1.48, p = .020). In our study, we established that the benefit of nivolumab increases with the increasing tPT-N. The probability of death is significantly lower in male patients and patients with nasopharyngeal cancer regardless of tPT-N.
ISSN:0020-7136
1097-0215
1097-0215
DOI:10.1002/ijc.35248