Elevated body mass index and obesity are associated with pain-associated psychological distress in patients with hip pain

Introduction Little research has investigated the relationship between musculoskeletal pain and body mass index (BMI) in the context of pain-associated psychological distress. This study aims to determine if independent associations exist between BMI, obesity, demographic variables, and psychologica...

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Published in:Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 2024-12, Vol.145 (1), p.22, Article 22
Main Authors: Ashley, Lucas W., Sutton, Kent F., Cabell, Grant H., Lentz, Trevor A., Lewis, Brian D., Olson, Steven A., Mather, Richard C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Arthralgia - etiology
Arthralgia - psychology
Body Mass Index
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - psychology
Orthopedics
Overweight
Pain
Psychological Distress
Retrospective Studies
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Summary:Introduction Little research has investigated the relationship between musculoskeletal pain and body mass index (BMI) in the context of pain-associated psychological distress. This study aims to determine if independent associations exist between BMI, obesity, demographic variables, and psychological distress in patients presenting with hip pain. Materials and methods Using a retrospective cross-sectional study design, 428 patients completed the Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Yellow Flag (OSPRO-YF) and were categorized into pain-associated psychological distress phenotypes using latent class analysis. Participants were stratified into five BMI categories outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) using descriptive statistics. Multinomial logistic regression was employed to determine a relationship between psychological distress phenotype and BMI (first as a continuous variable, then as a categorical variable), age, gender, race, and veteran status as candidate variables. Results Four psychological distress phenotypes were generated: high distress (n = 172, 40.2%), low distress (n = 114, 26.6%), negative pain coping (n = 98, 22.9%), and low self-efficacy and acceptance (n = 44, 10.3%). BMI analyses identified 4 participants (0.9%) as being underweight (BMI 
ISSN:1434-3916
0936-8051
1434-3916
DOI:10.1007/s00402-024-05665-z