Hydrolysis of Cellulose Rich Agricultural Waste Using Two Potent Local Bacterial Isolates

• Published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B: Biological sciences India. Section B: Biological sciences, 2023-03, Vol.93 (1), p.225-234
• Main Authors: Abdelhamid, Sayeda Abdelrazek, El-Shatoury, Einas Hamed, Asker, Mohsen Selim, Abd-El-Aal, Samir Khalef, Mohamed, Sahar Saleh
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural wastes; Bacillus cereus; Bacillus velezensis; Bagasse; Behavioral Sciences; biomass; Biomedical and Life Sciences; carbon; Carbon sources; Cellulolytic enzymes; Cellulose; Corn; corn cobs; corn steep liquor; corn stover; Enzymes; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; fructose; glucose; glucuronic acid; hydrolysis; India; Life Sciences; Nucleic Acid Chemistry; Plant Biochemistry; Research Article; rice straw; Solid state fermentation; wheat bran; xylose
• ISSN: 0369-8211; 2250-1746
• DOI: 10.1007/s40011-022-01416-5

Cellulolytic enzymes have received a lot of attention as prospective candidates for biomass conversion of agricultural byproducts. The current investigation is an attempt to investigate the production of the cellulolytic enzymes from local bacterial strains Bacillus cereus 3SME and Bacillus velezensis 3SME. Various agricultural residues such as rice straw, corn cob, corn stalk, bagasse, and wheat bran were utilized as enzyme production substrates in solid-state fermentation. The results indicated the highest percentage of fermentable sugar was produced from bagasse. B. cereus 3SME and B. velezensis  3SME were able to produce fermentable sugars 56.48 and 53.56 mg/g after 2 days of incubation at pH 6 and 6.5, respectively, at 37 degrees. Bagasse (0.25 g) was used as a carbon source in a 50-ml conical flask and corn steep liquor for both organisms. The functional groups in the presence and absence of both bacteria were studied using FTIR spectroscopy. SEM analysis was studied for the structural transformations of cellulolytic fibers after 2 days of incubation with both bacteria. The HPLC analysis of bagasse that was inoculated by B. cereus 3SME and B. velezensis 3SME indicated the two extracts were composed of glucuronic acid, fructose, glucose, and xylose with a molar ratio of 1:2.6:2.1:2.3 and 0.3:1.5:1:6.2, respectively. Bagasse can be utilized as a low-cost source of carbon for B. cereus 3SME and B. velezensis 3SME to produce hydrolytic enzymes effectively.