Hydrothermal carbonization of pharmaceutical sludge in ecological engineering: Optimizing carbon structure for sustainable fuel-grade hydrochar and bioenergy recovery

The disposal of pharmaceutical sludge (PS) involves relatively high technical risks. This study explores the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process for converting PS into valuable carbonaceous materials. By varying the temperature and holding time of HTC, the carbonaceous structure of the products...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomass & bioenergy 2026-04, Vol.207, p.108778, Article 108778
Main Authors: Liang, Wang, Cui, Yihao, Chen, Yihan, Zhu, Di, Han, Yonghui, Jiang, Chunhe, Huang, Yali, Ning, Xiaojun, Wang, Chuan, Wang, Guangwei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aromatization
ash content
bioenergy
biomass
carbon
Fuel characteristics
hydrochars
Hydrothermal carbonization
lignite
Metal transformation
Pharmaceutical sludge
Reaction mechanism
reaction mechanisms
sludge
temperature
Citations: Items that this one cites
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!