Effect of calcium on the hemolytic activity of Stichodactyla helianthus toxin sticholysin II on human erythrocytes

Sticholysin II (St II) is a toxin from the sea anemona Stichodactyla helianthus that produces erythrocytes lysis at low concentration and its activity depends on the presence of calcium. Calcium may act modifying toxin interaction with erythrocyte membranes or activating cellular processes which may...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicon (Oxford) 2009-11, Vol.54 (6), p.845-850
Main Authors: Celedón, Gloria, González, Gustavo, Lissi, Eduardo, Cerda, Tania, Martinez, Diana, Soto, Carmen, Pupo, Mario, Pazos, Fabiola, Lanio, Maria E., Alvarez, Carlos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actinoporin
Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms
Biological and medical sciences
Calcimycin - pharmacology
Calcium
Calcium - pharmacology
Circular Dichroism
Cnidarian Venoms - toxicity
Erythrocyte Membrane - drug effects
Erythrocytes - drug effects
Ethylmaleimide - pharmacology
Hemolysis
Hemolysis - drug effects
Humans
Medical sciences
Membrane Lipids - blood
Osmosis - drug effects
Scramblase
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
Stichodactyla helianthus
Sticholysin II
Toxicology
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Summary:Sticholysin II (St II) is a toxin from the sea anemona Stichodactyla helianthus that produces erythrocytes lysis at low concentration and its activity depends on the presence of calcium. Calcium may act modifying toxin interaction with erythrocyte membranes or activating cellular processes which may result in a modified St II lytic action. In this study we are reporting that, in the presence of external K +, extracellular calcium decreased St II activity on erythrocytes. On the other hand an increase of intracellular calcium promotes Sty II lytic activity. The effect of intracellular calcium was specifically studied in relation to membrane lipid translocation elicited by scramblases and how this action influence St II lytic activity on erythrocytes. We used 0.5 mmol/L calcium and 10 mmol/L A23187, as calcium ionophore, for scramblases activation and found increased St II activity associated to increase of intracellular calcium. N-ethyl maleimide (activator) and 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonate (inhibitor) were used as scramblases modulators in the assays which produced an increase and a decrease of the calcium effect, respectively. Results reported suggest an improved St II membrane pore-forming capacity promoted by intracellular calcium associated to membrane phospholipids translocation.
ISSN:0041-0101
1879-3150
DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.06.017