A kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of film growth by physical vapor deposition on rotating substrates

Film growth by physical vapor deposition on rotating substrates is modeled via a kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm on a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice. The motivation is to provide insight on the evolution of porosity during the deposition of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). The model is implemented...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing, 2005-01, Vol.391 (1), p.390-401
Main Authors: Cho, J., Terry, S.G., LeSar, R., Levi, C.G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
Exact sciences and technology
Film growth
Kinetic Monte Carlo
Materials science
Methods of deposition of films and coatings
film growth and epitaxy
Microstructure evolution
Physical vapor deposition
Physics
Thermal barrier coatings
Vapor phase epitaxy
growth from vapor phase
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Summary:Film growth by physical vapor deposition on rotating substrates is modeled via a kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm on a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice. The motivation is to provide insight on the evolution of porosity during the deposition of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). The model is implemented on an atomic scale that incorporates the effect of surface diffusion as well as the interplay between surface topography and the changing vapor incidence angle. It is shown that substrate rotation generates voids with a periodicity dependent on the amount of material deposited per revolution. The onset of pore formation and morphology of the pores are linked to the presence of shadowing features on the surface, either in the form of stochastic or crystallographic peaks and valleys evolving during columnar growth, or pre-existing roughness typical of polycrystalline oxide substrates. In addition, various forms of anisotropy develop in the microstructure as a result of the “sunrise–sunset” pattern of vapor incidence characteristic of TBC deposition on, for example, turbine airfoils. Comparison with observations on actual TBCs reveals that the simulations, in spite of their simplicity, capture several key microstructural features characteristic of these complex films.
ISSN:0921-5093
1873-4936
DOI:10.1016/j.msea.2004.09.015