Self-Esteem and Adolescent Problems: Modeling Reciprocal Effects

Past research has treated self-esteem either as a social force or as a social product. However, this research has not given adequate attention to the reciprocal effects of the self-concept and various social and personal factors. A panel of 1886 adolescent boys is used to explore the reciprocal rela...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American sociological review 1989-12, Vol.54 (6), p.1004-1018
Main Authors: Rosenberg, Morris, Schooler, Carmi, Schoenbach, Carrie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Academic Achievement
Adolescents
Boys
Children & youth
Depression (Psychology)
Depressive disorders
Juvenile Delinquency
Males
Mental depression
Motivation
Self
Self Concept
Self Esteem
Self image
Social psychology
Social research
Socioeconomic status
United States of America
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Summary:Past research has treated self-esteem either as a social force or as a social product. However, this research has not given adequate attention to the reciprocal effects of the self-concept and various social and personal factors. A panel of 1886 adolescent boys is used to explore the reciprocal relationships between self-esteem and three problems of youth: juvenile delinquency; poor school performance; and psychological depression. We find that low self-esteem fosters delinquency and that delinquency may enhance self-esteem. These reciprocal effects differ among socioeconomic status groups. The relationship between self-esteem and school performance is primarily attributable to the effect of school performance on self-esteem. Finally, the causal relationship between self-esteem and depression is bidirectional. Substantive, methodological, and policy implications of these findings are discussed.
ISSN:0003-1224
1939-8271
DOI:10.2307/2095720