Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pterygium in a Southwestern Island of Japan: The Kumejima Study

Purpose To determine the prevalence and risk factors for pterygium in a Japanese population aged 40 years or older on Kumejima Island, Japan. Design Cross-sectional, population-based study. Methods All residents of Kumejima Island, Japan, located in Southwestern Japan (Eastern longitude 126 degrees,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of ophthalmology 2009-11, Vol.148 (5), p.766-771.e1
Main Authors: Shiroma, Hiroki, Higa, Akiko, Sawaguchi, Shoichi, Iwase, Aiko, Tomidokoro, Atsuo, Amano, Shiro, Araie, Makoto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age Distribution
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Asian Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology
Biological and medical sciences
Blood pressure
Confidence intervals
Diseases of eyelid, conjunctiva and lacrimal tracts
Female
Hospitals
Humans
Japan - epidemiology
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Ophthalmology
Prevalence
Pterygium - ethnology
Regression analysis
Risk Factors
Rural areas
Sex Distribution
Socioeconomic factors
Studies
Surveys and Questionnaires
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Summary:Purpose To determine the prevalence and risk factors for pterygium in a Japanese population aged 40 years or older on Kumejima Island, Japan. Design Cross-sectional, population-based study. Methods All residents of Kumejima Island, Japan, located in Southwestern Japan (Eastern longitude 126 degrees, 48 feet and Northern latitude 26 degrees, 20 feet), aged 40 years and older were asked to undergo a comprehensive questionnaire and ocular examination. Results Of the 4,632 residents, 3,762 (81.2%) underwent the examination. The presence of pterygium could not be determined in 15 subjects. Of the 3,747 eligible subjects, 1,154 (30.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 29.3% to 32.3%) had pterygium in at least 1 eye and 491 subjects (13.1%; 95% CI, 12.1% to 14.3%) had pterygium in both eyes. In the logistic regression analysis, older age ( P < .001), male gender ( P = .024), hyperopic refraction ( P = .001), lower intraocular pressure ( P = .002), and outdoor job experience ( P < .001) were independently associated with a higher risk of pterygium. Conclusion The prevalence of pterygium is 30.8% among adult Japanese aged 40 years and older in Kumejima. Older age, male gender, hyperopic refraction, lower intraocular pressure, and outdoor job history were independently associated with a higher risk of pterygium.
ISSN:0002-9394
1879-1891
DOI:10.1016/j.ajo.2009.06.006