Neuropsychological sequelae of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome: A critical review

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a well-recognized clinical sleep disorder that results in chronically fragmented sleep and recurrent hypoxemia. The primary daytime sequelae of the disorder include patient reports of excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, and attention and con...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2004-09, Vol.10 (5), p.772-785
Main Authors: ALOIA, MARK S., ARNEDT, J. TODD, DAVIS, JENNIFER D., RIGGS, RAINE L., BYRD, DESIREE
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol use
Attention - physiology
Automobile safety
Behavior
Cognition
Cognition & reasoning
Cognition - physiology
Cognition Disorders - physiopathology
Cognition Disorders - therapy
CRITICAL REVIEW
Diagnosis, Differential
Health care
Humans
Hypoxia
Intelligence - physiology
Intelligence tests
Language
Medical research
MEDLINE - statistics & numerical data
Memory
Memory - physiology
Mortality
Neuropsychological Tests
Neuropsychology
Problem Solving - physiology
Psychology
Psychomotor Performance - physiology
Sleep apnea
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - physiopathology
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - therapy
Sleep disorders
Studies
Task forces
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Summary:Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a well-recognized clinical sleep disorder that results in chronically fragmented sleep and recurrent hypoxemia. The primary daytime sequelae of the disorder include patient reports of excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, and attention and concentration problems. It has been well established that OSAHS negatively impacts certain aspects of cognitive functioning. The primary goals of this article are to (1) clarify the pattern of cognitive deficits that are specific to OSAHS; (2) identify the specific cognitive domains that improve with treatment; and (3) elucidate the possible mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in OSAHS. At the conclusion of the paper, we propose a potential neurofunctional theory to account for the etiology of cognitive deficits in OSAHS. Thirty-seven peer-reviewed articles were selected for this review. In general, findings were equivocal for most cognitive domains. Treatment, however, was noted to improve attention/vigilance in most studies and consistently did not improve constructional abilities or psychomotor functioning. The results are discussed in the context of a neurofunctional theory for the effects of OSAHS on the brain. (JINS, 2004, 10, 772–785.)
ISSN:1355-6177
1469-7661
DOI:10.1017/S1355617704105134