Force-induced focal adhesion translocation: effects of force amplitude and frequency

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biological Engineering Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139; and 2 Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Submitted 12 December 2003 ; accepted in final form 3 Ju...

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Published in:American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology 2004-10, Vol.287 (4), p.C954-C962
Main Authors: Mack, P. J, Kaazempur-Mofrad, M. R, Karcher, H, Lee, R. T, Kamm, R. D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Blotting, Western
Cattle
Cell Adhesion - drug effects
Cell Adhesion - physiology
Cytoskeletal Proteins - biosynthesis
Cytoskeletal Proteins - genetics
Endothelial Cells - drug effects
Endothelial Cells - physiology
Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology
Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
Green Fluorescent Proteins
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Luminescent Proteins - biosynthesis
Luminescent Proteins - genetics
Magnetics
Mechanoreceptors - physiology
Mechanotransduction, Cellular
Microscopy, Fluorescence
Paxillin
Phosphoproteins - biosynthesis
Phosphoproteins - genetics
Phosphorylation
Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism
Signal Transduction - drug effects
Signal Transduction - physiology
Transfection
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Summary:1 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biological Engineering Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139; and 2 Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Submitted 12 December 2003 ; accepted in final form 3 June 2004 Vascular endothelial cells rapidly transduce local mechanical forces into biological signals through numerous processes including the activation of focal adhesion sites. To examine the mechanosensing capabilities of these adhesion sites, focal adhesion translocation was monitored over the course of 5 min with GFP-paxillin while applying nN-level magnetic trap shear forces to the cell apex via integrin-linked magnetic beads. A nongraded steady-load threshold for mechanotransduction was established between 0.90 and 1.45 nN. Activation was greatest near the point of forcing (
ISSN:0363-6143
1522-1563
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00567.2003