The Role of Antibiotic Prophylaxis With Sodium Ceftriaxone to Prevent Bacterial Translocation Associated With Hypovolemic Shock: An Experimental Study in Rats

• Published in: Journal of investigative surgery 2004-07, Vol.17 (4), p.203-209
• Main Authors: Weber, Elton Luiz Schmidt, Rhoden, Ernani Luís, Morais, Ewerton Nunes, Zettler, Cláudio Galeano, Oliveira Alberto, Brenda, Diesel, Cristiano, Scapini, Fabrício, Piekala, Lisiane
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; bacterial translocation; Bacterial Translocation - drug effects; Ceftriaxone - pharmacology; Disease Models, Animal; hemorrhagic shock; Intestine, Small - microbiology; Intestine, Small - pathology; Male; prophylactic antibiotics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Shock - drug therapy; Shock - mortality; Shock - pathology
• ISSN: 0894-1939; 1521-0553
• DOI: 10.1080/08941930490471975

One of the measures adopted to reduce or prevent intestinal bacterial translocation (BT) in patients who are in hemorrhagic shock consists of prophylactic antibiotics. This study attempted to assess the effectiveness of administering systemic antibiotic to suppress BT in rats submitted to hemorrhagic shock. Sixty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into two experiments. In experiment 1 (n = 28), the animals were randomly divided into three groups: group I (n = 7), sham operation; group II (n = 11), constituted by animals that were submitted to hemorrhagic shock by removing 40% of the volemia, and were resuscitated after 40 min of sustained shock, replacing the previously removed blood; and group III (n = 10), animals that, besides hemorrhagic shock and volemic replacement, received 50 mg/kg of sodium ceftriaxone intravenous 1 min after blood readministration. Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) for culture tests and segments of the small bowel were removed for histopathological studies 1 day after the operation in the three groups. In experiment 2, the same procedures were performed, except the laparotomy for removing MLN and segments of jejunal and ileal bowel, but the animals were followed during 7 days, in order to evaluate the mortality rate. In the control group (group I), the bacteriological assessment of the MLN was negative in all cases. Only 40% of the animals treated with antibiotics after hypovolemic shock (group III) presented positive bacteriological exams of the MLN, and this rate was 90% in the group of animals that did not receive this substance (group II) (p . 05), but more intense that in group I (p