Investigating medetomidine-buprenorphine as preanaesthetic medication in cats

• Published in: Journal of small animal practice 2009-02, Vol.50 (2), p.73-81
• Main Authors: Grint, N.J, Burford, J, Dugdale, A.H.A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: anesthesia; anesthesia reversal; Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage; Anesthetics, Intravenous - administration & dosage; Animals; atipamezole; Buprenorphine; cardiovascular system; cats; Cats - physiology; combination drug therapy; depth of anesthesia; dosage; dose response; drug evaluation; drug synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Rate - drug effects; Hypnotics and Sedatives; intramuscular injection; isoflurane; Isoflurane - administration & dosage; Medetomidine; Narcotic Antagonists; Ovariectomy - veterinary; preanesthetic medication; Preanesthetic Medication - methods; Preanesthetic Medication - veterinary; propofol; Propofol - administration & dosage; respiratory system; sedation; Time Factors; veterinary drugs; Vomiting - chemically induced
• ISSN: 0022-4510; 1748-5827
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2008.00688.x

The objective of this study was to investigate medetomidine-buprenorphine preanaesthetic medication in cats. Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I female cats were enrolled in this prospective, blinded, clinical study. Cats were randomised into one of four groups: group M30 were injected intramuscularly with 30 μg/kg medetomidine, groups M10+B, M30+B and M50+B received 10, 30 and 50 μg/kg of medetomidine, respectively, each in combination with 20 μg/kg buprenorphine. After 30 minutes, a sedation score was allocated. Anaesthesia was induced using intravenous propofol and maintained using isoflurane in oxygen, while cats underwent ovariohysterectomy. Heart rate, respiratory rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide tension and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin were recorded. Atipamezole was administered intramuscularly at volatile agent discontinuation. Time taken to lift their head, sit in sternal and stand were recorded along with quality of recovery. M30+B cats required significantly less isoflurane compared with M30 cats. Heart rate and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin were significantly lower in M50+B cats than in M30 cats. All M+B groups experienced significantly better recoveries compared with the medetomidine only M30 control group. The addition of buprenorphine to medetomidine preanaesthetic medication in cats reduces volatile agent vaporiser setting and improves the quality of recovery from anaesthesia.