A Lawsonia intracellularis transmission study using a pure culture inoculated seeder-pig sentinel model

• Published in: Veterinary microbiology 2004-11, Vol.104 (1), p.83-90
• Main Authors: Jordan, Dianna M., Knitted, Jeffrey P., Schwartz, Kent J., Roof, Michael B., Hoffman, Lorraine J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial - blood; bacterial infections; Bacteriology; Biological and medical sciences; Desulfovibrionaceae Infections - microbiology; Desulfovibrionaceae Infections - transmission; Desulfovibrionaceae Infections - veterinary; disease transmission; Disease Transmission, Infectious - veterinary; DNA, Viral - chemistry; DNA, Viral - genetics; Enteritis - microbiology; Enteritis - veterinary; feces; Feces - microbiology; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Histocytochemistry - veterinary; Lawsonia Bacteria - genetics; Lawsonia Bacteria - growth & development; Lawsonia intracellularis; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; polymerase chain reaction; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary; porcine proliferative enteritis; Porcine proliferative enteropathy; Random Allocation; sentinel animals; seroconversion; Swine; Swine Diseases - microbiology; Swine Diseases - transmission; symptoms; Transmission
• ISSN: 0378-1135; 1873-2542
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.09.004

Transmission of Lawsonia intracellularis from experimentally inoculated pigs to naive swine was demonstrated in this study. The study was conducted using conventional pigs divided into three groups as follows: principles inoculated with L. intracellularis, sentinels, and controls. The pigs were inoculated and paired on 13 and 9 days post-inoculation with a sentinel pig for 7 days. Fecal samples and serum samples were collected throughout the study for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody testing by indirect fluorescent antibody techniques. After co-mingling, the inoculated group was necropsied; sentinel and control pigs were necropsied 7–14 days later. The intestinal tracts were evaluated grossly and microscopically for lesions. PCR was performed on intestinal mucosal scrapings and feces. Warthin–Starry and fluorescent antibody staining procedures were conducted to confirm colonization with L. intracellularis. Gross and microscopic lesions typical of porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE) were observed in both the inoculated and sentinel groups. Transmission was demonstrated from inoculated principle pigs to sentinel pigs. PCR results detected cyclical shedding of L. intracellularis in the feces. Seroconversion occurred in pigs that were exposed to L. intracellularis. From this study, it was demonstrated that transmission of L. intracellularis can occur easily in an environment with experimentally infected pigs and that PCR can be a useful tool to monitor fecal shedding of the organism.