Electrocochleography in patients with Meniere's disease

• Published in: American journal of otolaryngology 2005-03, Vol.26 (2), p.128-131
• Main Authors: Kim, Harold H., Kumar, Arvind, Battista, Robert A., Wiet, Richard J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Ear, auditive nerve, cochleovestibular tract, facial nerve: diseases, semeiology; Electrooculography - methods; Endolymphatic Hydrops - physiopathology; Female; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; Meniere Disease - diagnosis; Meniere Disease - physiopathology; Middle Aged; Non tumoral diseases; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index
• ISSN: 0196-0709; 1532-818X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2004.11.005

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of electrocochleography (ECoG) in the diagnosis of Meniere's disease. This study is a retrospective case review. Patients undergoing ECoG for Meniere's disease between 1995 and 2003 were identified and segregated as having definite, probable, or possible Meniere's disease according to the 1995 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery guidelines for Meniere's disease classification. Those determined to have probable and possible Meniere's disease were then combined to form a less-than-definite group for statistical analysis. Electrocochleography summating potential (SP)/action potential (AP) ratios were determined, and ratios greater than 0.4 were considered abnormal. The 2 groups were then compared to assess for any correlation between ECoG with the 1995 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Meniere's disease classification. Sixty patients with definite Meniere's disease and 37 with less-than-definite Meniere's disease were identified. Overall, 59.8% had abnormally elevated SP/AP ratios. Of those with definite Meniere's disease, 66.7% had abnormally elevated SP/AP ratios, whereas of those with less-than-definite Meniere's disease, 52.7% had abnormal ECoGs ( P = .069). A significant difference in ECoG results was not seen between the definite and less-than-definite Meniere's disease groups. Furthermore, approximately 30% of those with definite Meniere's disease would not be classified as having Meniere's disease based on ECoG results. Because of its lack of sensitivity, ECoG should not play a decisive role in determining the presence or absence of Meniere's disease.