Does hard insertion and space improve shock absorption ability of mouthguard?

–  Mouthguards are expected to reduce sports‐related orofacial injuries. Numerous studies have been conduced to improve the shock absorption ability of mouthguards using air cells, sorbothane, metal wire, or hard material insertion. Most of these were shown to be effective; however, the result of ea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Dental traumatology 2006-04, Vol.22 (2), p.77-82
Main Authors: Takeda, Tomotaka, Ishigami, Keiichi, Handa, Jun, Naitoh, Kaoru, Kurokawa, Katsuhide, Shibusawa, Mami, Nakajima, Kazunori, Kawamura, Shintaro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acceleration
Acrylic Resins - chemistry
Air
Baseball
Dental Models
Dentistry
Energy Transfer
Equipment Design
hard insertion and space
Hardness
Humans
injury
Materials Testing
Mouth Protectors
mouthguard
Polyethylenes - chemistry
Polyvinyls - chemistry
Pressure
shock absorption
Sports Equipment
Steel
Stress, Mechanical
Surface Properties
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Summary:–  Mouthguards are expected to reduce sports‐related orofacial injuries. Numerous studies have been conduced to improve the shock absorption ability of mouthguards using air cells, sorbothane, metal wire, or hard material insertion. Most of these were shown to be effective; however, the result of each study has not been applied to clinical use. The aim of this study was to develop mouthguards that have sufficient prevention ability and ease of clinical application with focus on a hard insertion and space. Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) mouthguard blank used was Drufosoft and the acrylic resin was Biolon (Dreve‐Dentamid GMBH, Unna, Germany). Three types of mouthguard samples tested were constructed by means of a Dreve Drufomat (Type SO, Dreve‐Dentamid) air pressure machine: the first was a conventional laminated type of EVA mouthguard material; the second was a three layer type with acrylic resin inner layer (hard‐insertion); the third was the same as the second but with space that does not come into contact with tooth surfaces (hard + space). As a control, without any mouthguard condition (NOMG) was measured. A pendulum type impact testing machine with interchangeable impact object (steel ball and baseball) and dental study model (D17FE‐NC.7PS, Nissin, Tokyo, Japan) with the strain gages (KFG‐1‐120‐D171‐11N30C2: Kyowa, Tokyo, Japan) applied to teeth and the accelerometer to the dentition (AS‐A YG‐2768 100G, Kyowa) were used to measure transmitted forces. Statistical analysis (anova, P 
ISSN:1600-4469
1600-9657
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-9657.2006.00361.x