Engineering of a vascularized scaffold for artificial tissue and organ generation

Tissue engineering is an emerging field in regenerative medicine to overcome the problem of end-stage organ failure. However, complex tissues and organs need a vascular supply to guaranty graft survival and render bioartificial organ function. Here we developed methods to decellularize porcine small...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomaterials 2005-11, Vol.26 (33), p.6610-6617
Main Authors: Mertsching, Heike, Walles, Thorsten, Hofmann, Michael, Schanz, Johanna, Knapp, Wolfram H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens, CD
Bioartificial Organs
Bioprosthesis
Bone Marrow Cells - cytology
Cadherins - chemistry
Cell Adhesion
Cell Differentiation
DNA - chemistry
Endothelium - cytology
Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 - chemistry
Immunohistochemistry
Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - biosynthesis
Positron-Emission Tomography
Regeneration
Stem Cells - cytology
Swine
Time Factors
Tissue Engineering - methods
Vascularized scaffold
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Summary:Tissue engineering is an emerging field in regenerative medicine to overcome the problem of end-stage organ failure. However, complex tissues and organs need a vascular supply to guaranty graft survival and render bioartificial organ function. Here we developed methods to decellularize porcine small bowl segments and repopulate the remaining venous and arterial tubular structures within these matrices with allogeneic porcine endothelial progenitor cells. Cellular adherence and vitality was characterized by quantitative 2-[ 18F]-fluoro-2′-desoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and subsequent immunohistological work up. The generated matrices showed insulin-dependent FDG uptake predominantly in the region of the former vascular structures. Stain for vitality and the specific endothelial markers CD31, VE-Cadherin and Flk-1 matched this functional finding. Providing evidence for vitality up to 3 weeks post reconstitution and typical endothelial differentiation, these results indicate that our generated matrix allows the generation of complex bioartificial tissues and organs for experimental and future clinical application.
ISSN:0142-9612
1878-5905
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.04.048