Invariance and selectivity in the ventral visual pathway

Pattern recognition systems that are invariant to shape, pose, lighting and texture are never sufficiently selective; they suffer a high rate of “false alarms”. How are biological vision systems both invariant and selective? Specifically, how are proper arrangements of sub-patterns distinguished fro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of physiology, Paris Paris, 2006-10, Vol.100 (4), p.212-224
Main Author: Geman, Stuart
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Binding
Correlation
Humans
Microcircuitry
Neural Networks (Computer)
Nonlinear Dynamics
Nonlinearity
Pattern Recognition, Visual
Synchrony
Vision
Visual Pathways
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Summary:Pattern recognition systems that are invariant to shape, pose, lighting and texture are never sufficiently selective; they suffer a high rate of “false alarms”. How are biological vision systems both invariant and selective? Specifically, how are proper arrangements of sub-patterns distinguished from the chance arrangements that defeat selectivity in artificial systems? The answer may lie in the nonlinear dynamics that characterize complex and other invariant cell types: these cells are temporarily more receptive to some inputs than to others ( functional connectivity). One consequence is that pairs of such cells with overlapping receptive fields will possess a related property that might be termed functional common input. Functional common input would induce high correlation exactly when there is a match in the sub-patterns appearing in the overlapping receptive fields. These correlations, possibly expressed as a partial and highly local synchrony, would preserve the selectivity otherwise lost to invariance.
ISSN:0928-4257
1769-7115
DOI:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2007.01.001