Methylphenidate improves deficient error evaluation in children with ADHD: An event-related brain potential study

Children with ADHD make more errors than control children in response-conflict tasks. To explore whether this is mediated by enhanced sensitivity to conflict or reduced error-processing, task-related brain activity (N2, Ne/ERN, Pe) was compared between 8- to 12-year-old children with ADHD and health...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological psychology 2007-10, Vol.76 (3), p.217-229
Main Authors: Jonkman, Lisa.M., van Melis, Jessica. J.M., Kemner, Chantal, Markus, C. Rob
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADHD
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - drug therapy
Brain - drug effects
Brain - physiopathology
Brain Mapping
Central Nervous System Stimulants - therapeutic use
Child
Choice Behavior - drug effects
Conflict (Psychology)
Dopamine
Electroencephalography
Electrooculography
ERN
ERP
Error processing
Evoked Potentials - drug effects
Female
Humans
Male
Mental Processes - drug effects
Methylphenidate
Methylphenidate - therapeutic use
Neuropsychological Tests
Reaction Time - drug effects
Response conflict
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Summary:Children with ADHD make more errors than control children in response-conflict tasks. To explore whether this is mediated by enhanced sensitivity to conflict or reduced error-processing, task-related brain activity (N2, Ne/ERN, Pe) was compared between 8- to 12-year-old children with ADHD and healthy controls during performance of a flanker task. Furthermore, effects of methylphenidate were investigated in ADHD children in a second study. ADHD children made more errors, especially in high-response-conflict conditions, without showing post-error slowing. N2 amplitudes were enhanced on trials resulting in an error response, Ne/ERN amplitude was unaffected and Pe amplitude was reduced in the ADHD group. Methylphenidate reduced errors in both low- and high-conflict conditions and normalized Pe amplitudes in children with ADHD. It was concluded that the inaccurate behaviour of ADHD children in conflict tasks might be related to reduced error-awareness and higher sensitivity to response conflict. Methylphenidate's ameliorating effects might be established through its influence on brain networks including posterior (parietal) cortex, enabling children with ADHD to allocate more attention to significant events.
ISSN:0301-0511
1873-6246
DOI:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.08.004