Maintenance of Heterogeneity of Capillary Spacing is Essential for Adequate Oxygenation in the Soleus Muscle of the Growing Rat

Objectives: Normal muscle growth is accompanied by capillary proliferation, which usually lags behind the increase in muscle size, causing a decline in mean capillary density (CD). It is not known, however, how the capillary distribution is affected and what impact it has on the oxygenation of the m...

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Published in:Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. 1994) N.Y. 1994), 2006-09, Vol.13 (6), p.467-476
Main Authors: Degens, Hans, Deveci, Durmus, Botto-Van Bemden, Angie, Hoofd, Louis J.C., Egginton, Stuart
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
capillarization
capillary density
capillary domains
heterogeneity index
Male
maturation
Microcirculation - physiology
Models, Cardiovascular
Muscle Development - physiology
Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply
Muscle, Skeletal - growth & development
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Neovascularization, Physiologic
Oxygen Consumption - physiology
oxygen tension
Rats
Rats, Wistar
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Summary:Objectives: Normal muscle growth is accompanied by capillary proliferation, which usually lags behind the increase in muscle size, causing a decline in mean capillary density (CD). It is not known, however, how the capillary distribution is affected and what impact it has on the oxygenation of the muscle. Methods: The capillarization of soleus muscles of rats (64-425 g) was determined with the method of capillary domains. As well as quantifying CD, capillary to fiber ratio (C:F), and fiber size, this method provides a measure of the heterogeneity of capillary spacing. Capillary locations were used to mathematically model oxygenation levels within the muscle. Results: The increase in muscle mass was largely attributable to 5-fold increase in fiber size, accompanied by a more than 3-fold rise in C:F. The mismatch between rates of angiogenesis and muscle growth resulted in a decrease in CD. However, the heterogeneity of capillary spacing was unaffected (heterogeneity index logRSD: 0.091 ± 0.013; mean ± SD) as was muscle PO2, with modal values between 4 and 60 mmHg (0.5 and 8 kPa). Conclusions: Angiogenesis during normal muscle growth does not maintain CD, but with similar heterogeneity of capillary spacing it preserves the potential for adequate intramuscular oxygenation.
ISSN:1073-9688
1549-8719
DOI:10.1080/10739680600776286