Self-assembled copper-capillary alginate gel scaffolds with oligochitosan support embryonic stem cell growth

Biomaterial scaffolds are fundamental components of strategies aimed at engineering a wide range of tissues. Scaffolds possessing uniform, oriented microtubular architectures could be ideal for multiple tissues, but are challenging to produce. Therefore, we developed hydrogel scaffolds possessing re...

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Published in:Journal of biomedical materials research 2006-11, Vol.79A (2), p.440-450
Main Authors: Willenberg, Bradley J., Hamazaki, Takashi, Meng, Fan-Wei, Terada, Naohiro, Batich, Christopher
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alginate
Alginates - chemistry
Animals
anisotropic
Anisotropy
Biocompatible Materials - chemistry
biomaterial scaffold
Capillaries
Cell Culture Techniques - methods
Cell Proliferation
Chitin - analogs & derivatives
Chitin - chemistry
Copper - chemistry
Culture Media - pharmacology
Electrolytes
embryonic stem cells
Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology
Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism
Mice
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Tissue Engineering
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Summary:Biomaterial scaffolds are fundamental components of strategies aimed at engineering a wide range of tissues. Scaffolds possessing uniform, oriented microtubular architectures could be ideal for multiple tissues, but are challenging to produce. Therefore, we developed hydrogel scaffolds possessing regular, tubular microstructures from self‐assembled copper‐capillary alginate gel (CCAG). To abrogate the rapid dissolution of CCAG in cell culture media, we treated it with oligochitosan and created a stable oligochitosan–CCAG (OCCAG) polyelectrolyte complex. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed polyelectrolyte complexation between alginate and oligochitosan. OCCAG retained capillary morphology, shrank anisotropically in bulk, lost Cu2+ ions, and maintained (71.9 ± 5.65)% of its mass in cell culture media. Next, we seeded mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells within OCCAG scaffolds, and examined cell morphology and quantified cell growth and viability over four days. ES cells were guided to form cylindrical structures of staggered cells within scaffold capillaries. Analysis of the total cells recovered from the scaffolds revealed exponential cell growth (normalized to day 0) that was statistically similar to gelatinized‐plate controls. OCCAG‐cultured ES cell viability was also not significantly different from controls at day 4. CCAG‐derived scaffolds can therefore serve as a unique platform for stem cell‐based tissue engineering. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
ISSN:1549-3296
0021-9304
1552-4965
1097-4636
DOI:10.1002/jbm.a.30942