Successful vaccination against Onchocerca ochengi infestation in cattle using live Onchocerca volvulus infective larvae

Epidemiological evidence has led to the hypothesis that the concurrent and predominant transmission of Onchocerca ochengi by Simulium damnosum s.l. in sub-Saharan Africa could lead to the protection of humans against onchocerciasis caused by Onchocerca volvulus (zooprophylaxis). To gain support for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Parasite immunology 2007-03, Vol.29 (3), p.113-116
Main Authors: ACHUKWI, M.D, HARNETT, W, ENYONG, P, RENZ, A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cattle
Cattle Diseases - immunology
Cattle Diseases - parasitology
Cattle Diseases - prevention & control
Cross Reactions - immunology
Filarioidea
IgG subclass antibodies
Immunoglobulin G - biosynthesis
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin Isotypes - blood
infective larvae
lymphocytes
Microfilariae - growth & development
Onchocerca ochengi
Onchocerca volvulus
Onchocerca volvulus - immunology
Onchocerciasis - immunology
Onchocerciasis - prevention & control
Onchocerciasis - veterinary
recombinant O. volvulus antigens
recombinant O. volvulus antigens
Simulium damnosum
vaccination
Vaccination - veterinary
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Summary:Epidemiological evidence has led to the hypothesis that the concurrent and predominant transmission of Onchocerca ochengi by Simulium damnosum s.l. in sub-Saharan Africa could lead to the protection of humans against onchocerciasis caused by Onchocerca volvulus (zooprophylaxis). To gain support for this hypothesis, we investigated whether exposure to O. volvulus could protect cattle from O. ochengi. Gudali calves were vaccinated with live O. volvulus-infective larvae and subsequently challenged with O. ochengi-infective larvae whilst raised in a fly-proof house. Post-challenge adult parasite and microfilaria development, IgG1 and lgG2 subclass antibodies response to Ov10/Ov11 recombinant Onchocerca antigens, and peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferative responses to O. ochengi crude antigens were studied over a 1-year period. The vaccinated-challenged animals had 83-87% less adult O. ochengi parasites than non-vaccinated-challenged animals. IgG1 and lgG2 antibodies to Ov10/Ov11 recombinant Onchocerca antigens were invoked by non-vaccinated-challenged animals but not by most (80%) of the vaccinated-challenged animals. These findings support the idea of cross-protection (zooprophylaxis) due to inoculation of humans with O. ochengi-infective larvae under natural transmission conditions in endemic areas.
ISSN:0141-9838
1365-3024
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00917.x