Virologic, hematologic, and immunologic risk factors for classic Kaposi sarcoma

BACKGROUND Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is an inflammatory‐mediated neoplasm that develops in the presence of KS‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and immune perturbation. In the current study, the authors compared CKS cases with age‐matched and sex‐matched KSHV‐seropositive controls without human immun...

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Published in:Cancer 2006-11, Vol.107 (9), p.2282-2290
Main Authors: Brown, Elizabeth E., Whitby, Denise, Vitale, Francesco, Marshall, Vickie, Mbisa, Georgina, Gamache, Christine, Lauria, Carmela, Alberg, Anthony J., Serraino, Diego, Cordiali‐Fei, Paola, Messina, Angelo, Goedert, James J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
biomarker
Biomarkers - blood
Dermatology
Disease Progression
Female
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV-1 - immunology
human herpesvirus‐8
Humans
immunity
Italy
Kaposi sarcoma
Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis
Risk Factors
Sarcoma, Kaposi - complications
Sarcoma, Kaposi - diagnosis
Sarcoma, Kaposi - physiopathology
Tumors
Tumors of the skin and soft tissue. Premalignant lesions
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Summary:BACKGROUND Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is an inflammatory‐mediated neoplasm that develops in the presence of KS‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and immune perturbation. In the current study, the authors compared CKS cases with age‐matched and sex‐matched KSHV‐seropositive controls without human immunodeficiency virus‐1 infection and markers of viral control, blood counts, CD4‐positive and CD8‐positive lymphocytes, and serum β‐2‐microglobulin and neopterin levels. METHODS Viral loads were detected using real‐time amplification of the KSHV‐K6 and EBV‐pol genes, anti‐K8.1 (lytic) titers were detected by enzyme‐linked immunoadsorbent assay, and antilatent nuclear antigen (LANA) titers were detected using immunofluorescence. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using logistic regression adjusted for sex, age, and study site. RESULTS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) KSHV DNA detection (P ≤ .0001) and high KSHV lytic (>1:1745; P ≤ .0001) and latent (>1:102,400; P = .03) antibody titers were found to be positively associated with CKS risk. Antibody titers were higher in cases with lesions compared with cases without lesions (P ≤.05). The detection of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA in PBMCs was not found to be associated with CKS (P = .95). Independent of PBMC KSHV DNA, CKS risk was found to be positively associated with reduced hematocrit (
ISSN:0008-543X
1097-0142
DOI:10.1002/cncr.22236