Persistent Disease in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Lymph Node Metastases After Surgery and Iodine‐131 Ablation

• Published in: World journal of surgery 2007-12, Vol.31 (12), p.2309-2314
• Main Authors: Verburg, Frederik A., Keizer, Bart, Lam, Marnix G. E. H., Klerk, J. M. H., Lips, Cornelis J. M., Borel‐rinkes, Inne H. M., Isselt, Johannes W.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 131I Therapy; Ablation; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary - pathology; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary - radiotherapy; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary - surgery; Adult; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Disease-Free Survival; Endocrinopathies; Fatalities; Female; General aspects; Health services; Humans; Iodine; Iodine 131; Iodine isotopes; Iodine radioisotopes; Iodine Radioisotopes - therapeutic use; Lymph nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Lymphatic system; Male; Malignant tumors; Medical sciences; Metastases; Metastasis; Middle Aged; Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma; Patients; Persistent Disease; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Retrospective Studies; Scintigraphy; Surgery; Thyroglobulin; Thyroglobulin Level; Thyroid; Thyroid cancer; Thyroid Neoplasms - pathology; Thyroid Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Thyroid Neoplasms - surgery; Thyroid Nodule; Thyroid-stimulating hormone; Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases); Thyroidectomy; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0364-2313; 1432-2323
• DOI: 10.1007/s00268-007-9257-2

Aim The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of treatment of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis and its influence on the course of the disease. Methods It is a retrospective review of all 51 patients with PTC and histologically proven lymph node metastases treated with I‐131 ablation in our center between January 1990 and January 2003. Patients were considered disease‐free if during follow‐up thyroglobulin levels were undetectable and scintigraphy with 370 MBq 131I was negative during thyroid‐stimulating hormone stimulation. Staging of patients was in accordance with the 5th edition of the TNM system. Results After a median follow‐up of 84 months, 33 (65%) patients were never free of detectable disease; and 3 of these patients had died of the PTC. In total, 22 patients still showed persistent activity in the neck outside the thyroid bed, which was suspect to be cervical lymph node metastasis on postablation scintigraphy; it was not related to the initial clinical presentation (lymph node metastasis or a thyroid nodule without suspicion of metastatic disease) or to the extent of surgery. Altogether, 34 patients required additional treatment. Patients presenting with clinically overt lymph node metastasis showed a significantly (p = 0.022) lower rate of becoming disease‐free than those in whom microscopic lymph node involvement was unexpectedly found upon pathologic examination. There was no significant association of the eventual outcome with the extent of surgical treatment, TNM staging, or age. Conclusions Patients with lymph node metastasis are considerably less likely to become disease‐free. If the initial treatment does not result in a disease‐free status, chances are low that additional treatment will succeed in achieving it.