Hydrolysis of phosphates, esters and related substrates by models of biological catalysts

Why study hydrolases, and why model them? First, hydrolases themselves are of fundamental importance and utility. Examples of their utility in organic synthesis include kinetic resolutions of optical isomers. Restriction endonucleases (DNA hydrolases) are key tools for biotechnology and are vital bi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 1999-12, Vol.3 (6), p.752-758
Main Author: Bashkin, James K
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid phosphatase
Alkaline phosphatase
Carbonic anhydrase
Catalysis
DNA hydrolase
Esterases
Esters
Esters - chemistry
Hydrolases
Hydrolases - chemistry
Hydrolysis
Models, Chemical
Nitrile hydratases
peptidase
Peptidases
Phosphates
Phosphates - chemistry
Urease
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Summary:Why study hydrolases, and why model them? First, hydrolases themselves are of fundamental importance and utility. Examples of their utility in organic synthesis include kinetic resolutions of optical isomers. Restriction endonucleases (DNA hydrolases) are key tools for biotechnology and are vital biological catalysts. Peptidases are necessary for protein digestion and can be harnessed to perform the reverse reaction (peptide synthesis). Thus, for these and many other reasons, hydrolases receive the attention of fundamental and applied research. Models of hydrolases can contribute to our understanding of reaction mechanisms and may also supplant the enzymes as useful catalysts under some conditions. Altering or even increasing the specificity of natural catalysts are also goals of these model studies.
ISSN:1367-5931
1879-0402
DOI:10.1016/S1367-5931(99)00036-8