Role of copper in human neurological disorders

Copper is a trace element present in all tissues and is required for cellular respiration, peptide amidation, neurotransmitter biosynthesis, pigment formation, and connective tissue strength. Copper is a cofactor for numerous enzymes and plays an important role in central nervous system development;...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of clinical nutrition 2008-09, Vol.88 (3), p.855-858
Main Authors: DESAI, Vishal, KALER, Stephen G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer Disease - metabolism
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Copper
Copper - metabolism
DNA - metabolism
Enzymes
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fibrinolysin - deficiency
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genotype & phenotype
Humans
Huntington Disease - metabolism
Nervous System Diseases - genetics
Nervous System Diseases - metabolism
Neurological disorders
Neurotransmitters
Parkinson Disease - metabolism
Peptides
Prion Diseases - metabolism
Tissues
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:Copper is a trace element present in all tissues and is required for cellular respiration, peptide amidation, neurotransmitter biosynthesis, pigment formation, and connective tissue strength. Copper is a cofactor for numerous enzymes and plays an important role in central nervous system development; low concentrations of copper may result in incomplete development, whereas excess copper maybe injurious. Copper may be involved in free radical production, via the Haber-Weiss reaction, that results in mitochondrial damage, DNA breakage, and neuronal injury. Evidence of abnormal copper transport and aberrant copper-protein interactions in numerous human neurological disorders supports the critical importance of this trace metal for proper neurodevelopment and neurological function. The biochemical phenotypes of human disorders that involve copper homeostasis suggest possible biomarkers of copper status that may be applicable to general populations.
ISSN:0002-9165
1938-3207
DOI:10.1093/ajcn/88.3.855s