The relationship of functional limitations to disability and the moderating effects of psychological attributes in community-dwelling older persons

This paper examines the moderating effects of three psychological attributes (neuroticism, self-efficacy expectancies and mastery) on the association between functional limitations (motor and cognitive limitation, vision and hearing loss) and disability ((instrumental) activities of daily living, ro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Social science & medicine (1982) 1999-05, Vol.48 (9), p.1161-1172
Main Authors: Kempen, Gertrudis I.J.M, van Heuvelen, Marieke J.G, van Sonderen, Eric, van den Brink, Rob H.S, Kooijman, Aart C, Ormel, Johan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of Daily Living
Aged
Aging
Analysis. Health state
Biological and medical sciences
Disability
Disabled Persons - psychology
Elderly
Elderly people
Epidemiology
Female
Frail Elderly - psychology
Functional impairment
Functional limitation
Functional limitation Disability Psychological attributes Aging
General aspects
Geriatric Assessment
Humans
Internal-External Control
Male
Medical sciences
Netherlands
Older people
Physically Handicapped
Psychological aspects
Psychological attributes
Psychological Factors
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Relationship
Social research
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Summary:This paper examines the moderating effects of three psychological attributes (neuroticism, self-efficacy expectancies and mastery) on the association between functional limitations (motor and cognitive limitation, vision and hearing loss) and disability ((instrumental) activities of daily living, role function and social function) in a sample of 624 community-dwelling older persons. In contrast to our hypothesis, we did not find any evidence for interaction effects. This means that low levels of psychological resources do not exacerbate the effect of functional limitation on disability in community-dwelling older persons. We found significant unique contributions of the psychological attributes to disability. Even when all three psychological attributes were taken into account, neuroticism and mastery had unique effects on social and role function, and self-efficacy expectancies had unique effects on (instrumental) activities of daily living. We conclude that the effects of functional limitation and psychological attributes on disability can be considered as additive. Older persons with less psychological resources are particularly at risk in developing disability.
ISSN:0277-9536
1873-5347
DOI:10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00427-4