The importance of early weight gain in the intrauterine growth and birth weight of twins

• Published in: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 1998-11, Vol.179 (5), p.1155-1161
• Main Authors: Luke, Barbara, Min, Sung-Joon, Gillespie, Brenda, Avni, Michal, Witter, Frank R., Newman, Roger B., Mauldin, Jill G., Salman, Fawwaz A., O’Sullivan, Mary Jo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Birth Weight; Cohort Studies; Early maternal weight gain; Embryonic and Fetal Development - physiology; Female; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Humans; Management. Prenatal diagnosis; Medical sciences; Pregnancy - physiology; Pregnancy. Fetus. Placenta; twin birth weight; twin fetal growth; Twins; Weight Gain - physiology
• ISSN: 0002-9378; 1097-6868
• DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70124-3

Objective: It was our objective to evaluate the association between early maternal weight gain (before 20 weeks), midpregnancy weight gain (20-28 weeks), and late pregnancy weight gain (28 weeks to birth) with fetal growth and birth weight in twins. Study Design: This historic cohort study was based on 1564 births of live twins ≥28 weeks’ gestation from Baltimore, Maryland, Miami, Florida, Charleston, South Carolina, and Ann Arbor, Michigan. Results: Early fetal growth was affected only by smoking and chorionicity. Factors in models of both mid and late fetal growth included maternal age, pregravid weight, parity, rates of early pregnancy and midpregnancy maternal weight gain, smoking, and pre-eclampsia. Increased midpregnancy fetal growth was associated with early maternal weight gain (10.91 g/wk per pound per week) and midpregnancy maternal weight gain (15.89 g/wk per pound per week). Increased late fetal growth was associated with early maternal weight gain (16.86 g/wk per pound per week) and midpregnancy maternal weight gain (23.88 g/wk per pound per week). Increased birth weight was associated with early (283.02 g per pound per week), mid (163.58 g per pound per week), and late (69.76 g per pound per week) maternal weight gains. Conclusions: These findings confirm the importance of early maternal weight gain in twin fetal growth and birth weight. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998;179:1155-61.)