Recombinant coxsackievirus vectors for prevention and therapy of virus-induced heart disease

Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of human death and have been linked to many different risk factors. Among them, coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), as a member of the enterovirus group, is one of the most important infectious agents of virus-induced myocarditis. Despite the fact that the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of medical microbiology 2008-01, Vol.298 (1), p.127-134
Main Authors: Henke, Andreas, Jarasch, Nadine, Martin, Ulrike, Wegert, Jenny, Wildner, Anja, Zell, Roland, Wutzler, Peter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Coxsackievirus B3
Coxsackievirus Infections - immunology
Coxsackievirus Infections - prevention & control
Coxsackievirus Infections - therapy
Coxsackievirus Infections - virology
Cytokines
Enterovirus
Enterovirus B, Human - genetics
Enterovirus B, Human - immunology
Humans
Infectious Disease
Male
Medical Education
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Myocarditis
Myocarditis - immunology
Myocarditis - prevention & control
Myocarditis - therapy
Myocarditis - virology
Pancreas - immunology
Pancreas - virology
Recombinant virus vectors
Vaccination
Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
Vaccines, Synthetic - therapeutic use
Viral Vaccines - immunology
Viral Vaccines - therapeutic use
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Summary:Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of human death and have been linked to many different risk factors. Among them, coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), as a member of the enterovirus group, is one of the most important infectious agents of virus-induced myocarditis. Despite the fact that the molecular structure of this pathogen has been characterized very precisely, there is no virus-specific preventive or therapeutic procedure against CVB3-induced heart disease in clinical use today. A promising approach to prevent CVB3-caused myocarditis represents the mutation of the viral genome in a way that coding sequences of cytokines are integrated into the viral RNA. Recombinant cytokine-expressing CVB3 variants were established to increase the local cytokine concentration and to modulate TH1-/TH2-specific immune responses. Especially protective against CVB3-induced murine myocarditis is the application of an interferon- γ (IFN- γ )-expressing recombinant coxsackievirus variant. The local and simultaneous expression of an immuno-relevant cytokine by the virus itself induces a strong and long-lasting immune response which protects laboratory animals against lethal infections.
ISSN:1438-4221
1618-0607
DOI:10.1016/j.ijmm.2007.08.010