Citrus viroid V: Molecular characterization and synergistic interactions with other members of the genus Apscaviroid

Abstract Studies on Atalantia citroides , a citrus relative, revealed the existence of a viroid not described previously. The new viroid has a GC-rich genome of 293–294 nucleotides and contains the central conserved region characteristic of members of the genus Apscaviroid , and the terminal conserv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2008-01, Vol.370 (1), p.102-112
Main Authors: Serra, P, Barbosa, C.J, Daròs, J.A, Flores, R, Duran-Vila, N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Base Sequence
CBLVd
Citrus - growth & development
Citrus - virology
Citrus bent leaf viroid
Citrus viroid V (CVd-V)
Citrus viroids
CVd-III
Infectious Disease
Molecular Sequence Data
Nucleic Acid Conformation
Phylogeny
Plant Diseases - virology
Plant Leaves - virology
Plant Viruses - classification
Plant Viruses - genetics
Plant Viruses - pathogenicity
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Species Specificity
Synergism
Viroids - classification
Viroids - genetics
Viroids - pathogenicity
Viroids - physiology
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Summary:Abstract Studies on Atalantia citroides , a citrus relative, revealed the existence of a viroid not described previously. The new viroid has a GC-rich genome of 293–294 nucleotides and contains the central conserved region characteristic of members of the genus Apscaviroid , and the terminal conserved region present in this and other genera of the family Pospiviroidae . The secondary structure of minimum free energy predicted for the new viroid is a rod-like conformation with 68.7% paired nucleotides and showing sequence identities with other viroids always lower than 90%, the conventional limit that separates different species within a given genus. Infectivity assays showed that the new viroid induces mild but characteristic symptoms on the indicator Etrog citron. Co-inoculation of CVd-V with either Citrus bent leaf viroid or Citrus viroid III , two other members of the genus Apscaviroid infecting citrus, disclosed synergistic interactions manifested in enhanced leaf symptoms and very pronounced dwarfing. Viroid titers, however, remained unaltered in co-infected plants. Possible mechanisms underlying the observed synergistic effects are discussed. According to its molecular and biological properties and its unusual ability to replicate in A. citroides , the new viroid, tentatively named Citrus viroid V (CVd-V), should be considered a new species of the genus Apscaviroid.
ISSN:0042-6822
1096-0341
DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2007.07.033