Progesterone for recurrent miscarriage: truth and deceptions

Recurrent miscarriage is known to affect 0.5–2% of pregnant women, and the standard investigative protocol fails to identify a specific cause in 50% of cases. Progesterone, a key hormone in pregnancy maintenance, has been used to support early pregnancy for decades. A growing body of considerable ev...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology 2008-04, Vol.22 (2), p.375-389
Main Authors: Walch, Katharina T., MD, Huber, Johannes C., MD, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abortion, Habitual - etiology
Abortion, Habitual - prevention & control
Evidence-Based Medicine
Female
habitual abortion
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Immunity, Cellular - drug effects
immunomodulation
Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Pregnancy
pregnancy loss
Pregnancy Outcome
progesterone
Progesterone - therapeutic use
progestogen
Prognosis
recurrent miscarriage
treatment
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Summary:Recurrent miscarriage is known to affect 0.5–2% of pregnant women, and the standard investigative protocol fails to identify a specific cause in 50% of cases. Progesterone, a key hormone in pregnancy maintenance, has been used to support early pregnancy for decades. A growing body of considerable evidence indicates that in addition to women with luteal phase defects, women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage may benefit from progestogen treatment, as progesterone has been shown to be an essential immunomodulatory agent in early pregnancy. It plays a critical role in the expression, modulation and inhibition of various growth factors, cytokines, cell adhesion molecules and decidual proteins. Some studies have revealed a remarkable improvement in pregnancy outcome after progestogen supplementation in women suffering from recurrent miscarriage. As most studies on this topic are of unsufficient statistical power, further research on the efficacy of progestogen treatment in affected women is required.
ISSN:1521-6934
1532-1932
DOI:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2007.08.009