Impact of corticosteroid withdrawal in chronic urticaria: a prospective study of 17 patients

• Published in: Annales de dermatologie et de vénéréologie 2008-01, Vol.135 (1), p.21-25
• Main Authors: Augey, F, Guillot-Pouget, I, Gunera-Saad, N, Berard, F, Nicolas, J-F
• Format: Article
• Language: fre
• Subjects: Adrenal Cortex Hormones - administration & dosage; Adult; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Remission Induction; Urticaria - drug therapy
• ISSN: 0151-9638
• DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2007.06.003

Although two reports have indicated benefits of oral steroids in acute urticaria, the 2003 French guidelines emphasized their inefficacy in the treatment of idiopathic chronic urticaria, and the lack of studies. We present the results of a prospective study in 17 patients presenting severe chronic urticaria who agreed to stop taking oral steroids over a one-year period. This single-centre prospective study included adults (1) presenting chronic urticaria as defined by the French consensus conference committee on chronic urticaria (2003), (2) exhibiting at least two of the following three criteria: sleep disturbance due to itching, repeated angioedema, general symptoms; (3) unresponsive or mildly improved by antihistaminic (anti-H1) therapy; (4) receiving oral steroids at least three days per month. After inclusion in the study, oral steroids were stopped either immediately or gradually, on a case-by-case basis. Two different anti-H1 agents were prescribed at inclusion with follow-up visits two, four and 12 months after complete withdrawal of oral steroids. Seventeen patients were included (M/F sex-ratio: 0.54; mean age: 40 years). General signs (fever, arthralgia, various pains), delayed pressure urticaria, and idiopathic cutaneous vasculitis were noted respectively, in seven, nine and three cases. Oral steroids had been taken for three to 30 days per month before inclusion. Three patients had received prior treatment (e.g., immunosuppressants), with no improvement. After withdrawal of oral steroids, (1) 47% of patients presented a short relapse and/or worsening of chronic urticaria, (2) three patients dropped out of the study at four months (persistence of chronic urticaria unacceptable to patients, despite a clinical score showing mild response), (3) six (35%) had complete remission of chronic urticaria at 12 months, with delayed pressure urticaria in three of these cases, (4) eight (47%) had partial remission, five of whom had delayed pressure urticaria, (5) lasting remission of general symptoms. Our study shows that most cases of chronic urticaria are managed without oral steroids since inefficacy of anti-H1 drugs is generally only temporary. After withdrawal of oral steroids, a short increase in chronic urticaria was frequently observed with constant remission from extracutaneous signs and/or histological evidence of vasculitis. We suggest an active role of oral steroids in the failure of anti-H1 therapy. Moreover, oral steroids do not seem to confer