Nonsurgical therapies for lymphangiomas: A systematic review

• Published in: Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery 2008-04, Vol.138 (4), p.418-424
• Main Authors: Acevedo, Jason L., Shah, Rahul K., Brietzke, Scott E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic - therapeutic use; Bleomycin - therapeutic use; Humans; Lymphangioma - therapy; Picibanil - therapeutic use; Sclerotherapy; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0194-5998; 1097-6817
• DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2007.11.018

Systematically review the published literature regarding the efficacy of nonsurgical therapies in the treatment of head and neck (H&N) lymphatic malformations (LM) in children. MEDLINE. MEDLINE was searched for literature relating to nonsurgical treatments for H&N LM. The initial search returned 1876 articles, with 22 meeting criteria. The majority (20) were case series. All therapies were percutaneous, with OK-432 or bleomycin sclerotherapy being most common. Random-effects modeling revealed 43% (CI = 28.9%-57%) of patients undergoing OK-432 for LM achieved a complete/excellent response, 23.5% (CI = 5.8%-41.3%) achieved a good response, 16.9% (CI = 10.3%-23.4%) achieved a fair/poor response, and 15.4% (CI = 8.6%-22.2%) observed no response. In the bleomycin group, the results were: 35.2% (CI = 15.7%-54.6%) excellent, 37.1% (CI = 22%-52.3%) good, 18.4% (CI = 2.7%-34.2%) fair/poor, and 11.6% (CI = 3.5%-19.6%) no response. Seven major complications were noted out of the 289 patients in the series, including two mortalities. The literature indicates that sclerotherapy for H&N LM achieves excellent/good clinical response in a majority of patients, with few complications, and anecdotally does not complicate future surgery.