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Isthmus organizer for mesencephalon and metencephalon

The vertebrate central nervous system is elaborated from a simple neural tube. Brain vesicles formation is the first sign of regionalization. Classical transplantation using quail and chick embryos revealed that the mesencephalon-metencephalon boundary (isthmus) functions as an organizer of the mese...

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Published in:	Development, growth & differentiation growth & differentiation, 2008-06, Vol.50 (s1), p.S113-S118
Main Authors:	Nakamura, Harukazu, Sato, Tatsuya, Suzuki-Hirano, Asuka
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Animals cerebellum Cerebellum - embryology Chick Embryo Developmental Biology - methods Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism Fgf8 Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 - metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental isthmus organizer Mesencephalon - metabolism Mesencephalon - physiology Metencephalon - metabolism Metencephalon - physiology Models, Anatomic Models, Biological Neural Crest - embryology Quail ras Proteins - metabolism Ras-ERK pathway tectum Transcription Factors - metabolism
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creator	Nakamura, Harukazu Sato, Tatsuya Suzuki-Hirano, Asuka
description	The vertebrate central nervous system is elaborated from a simple neural tube. Brain vesicles formation is the first sign of regionalization. Classical transplantation using quail and chick embryos revealed that the mesencephalon-metencephalon boundary (isthmus) functions as an organizer of the mesencephalon and metencephalon. Fgf8 is accepted as a main organizing molecule of the isthmus. Strong Fgf8 signal activates the Ras-ERK signaling pathway to differentiate the cerebellum. In this review, the historical background of the means of identifying the isthmus organizer and the molecular mechanisms of signal transduction for tectum and cerebellum differentiation is reviewed.
doi_str_mv	10.1111/j.1440-169x.2008.00995.x
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subjects	Animals cerebellum Cerebellum - embryology Chick Embryo Developmental Biology - methods Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism Fgf8 Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 - metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental isthmus organizer Mesencephalon - metabolism Mesencephalon - physiology Metencephalon - metabolism Metencephalon - physiology Models, Anatomic Models, Biological Neural Crest - embryology Quail ras Proteins - metabolism Ras-ERK pathway tectum Transcription Factors - metabolism
title	Isthmus organizer for mesencephalon and metencephalon
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