Risk Factors for Community-Acquired Pneumonia among Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Two hundred eleven adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia, including Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP; patients), and 192 matched HIV-infected hospitalized patients without pneumonia (controls) were interviewed to determine risk fact...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2000-01, Vol.181 (1), p.158-164
Main Authors: Navin, Thomas R., Rimland, David, Lennox, Jeffrey L., Jernigan, John, Cetron, Marty, Hightower, Allen, Roberts, Jacqueline M., Kaplan, Jonathan E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
AIDS
AIDS/HIV
Bacterial pneumonia
Biological and medical sciences
Community-Acquired Infections - etiology
Community-Acquired Infections - prevention & control
Female
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
Human immunodeficiency virus
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infections
Infectious diseases
Logistic Models
Major Articles
Male
Medical sciences
Men
Middle Aged
Operating rooms
Pneumocystis carinii
Pneumocystis pneumonia
Pneumonia
Pneumonia - etiology
Pneumonia - prevention & control
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis - etiology
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis - prevention & control
Predisposing factors
Risk Factors
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - therapeutic use
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
Viral pneumonia
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Summary:Two hundred eleven adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia, including Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP; patients), and 192 matched HIV-infected hospitalized patients without pneumonia (controls) were interviewed to determine risk factors for pneumonia. Multivariate logistic regression showed that patients were less likely than controls to have used trimethoprim-sulfamethox-azole (TMP-SMZ) prophylaxis (odds ratio [OR], 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12–0.41) and more likely to have been hospitalized previously with pneumonia (OR, 6.25; CI, 3.40–11.5). Patients were also more likely than controls to have gardened (OR, 2.24; CI, 1.00–5.02) and to have camped or hiked (OR, 4.95; CI, 1.31–18.7), but stratified analysis by etiologic agent showed this association only for PCP. These findings reconfirm the efficacy of TMP-SMZ in preventing community-acquired pneumonia. In addition, hospitalization for pneumonia might represent a missed opportunity to encourage HIV-infected patients to enter into regular medical care and to adhere to prescribed antiretroviral and prophylaxis medications.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/315196