The in vivo Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 and -8 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Initial Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Orthodontic force induces biochemical responses in the periodontal ligament (PDL), but the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent molecular mechanisms in orthodontically induced periodontal remodeling have remained unclear. Previous studies indicate that mechanical stress induces MMP-1 production...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dental research 2003-12, Vol.82 (12), p.1018-1022
Main Authors: Apajalahti, S., Sorsa, T., Railavo, S., Ingman, T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Blotting, Western
Child
Dentistry
Enzyme Activation
Female
Fluoroimmunoassay
Gingival Crevicular Fluid - enzymology
Humans
Male
Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 - analysis
Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 - analysis
Periodontal Ligament - enzymology
Periodontal Ligament - physiology
Statistics, Nonparametric
Stress, Mechanical
Time Factors
Tooth Movement Techniques
Up-Regulation
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Summary:Orthodontic force induces biochemical responses in the periodontal ligament (PDL), but the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent molecular mechanisms in orthodontically induced periodontal remodeling have remained unclear. Previous studies indicate that mechanical stress induces MMP-1 production in human PDL cells in vitro. We tested the hypothesis whether the in vivo levels, molecular forms, and degree of activation of MMP-1 and MMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) reflect an early stage of orthodontic tooth movement. Molecular forms of MMP-1 and MMP-8 were analyzed by Western blot, and MMP-8 levels by quantitative immunofluoro-metric assay (IFMA). The results showed that GCF MMP-8 levels for orthodontically treated teeth were significantly higher at 4-8 hrs after force application than before activation, and when compared with the control teeth (p < 0.05). Analysis of our data indicates that the cells within the periodontium are up-regulated to produce MMP-8, and the increased expression and activation of GCF MMP-8 reflect enhanced periodontal remodeling induced by orthodontic force.
ISSN:0022-0345
1544-0591
DOI:10.1177/154405910308201216