CD4+ T Cell Kinetics and Activation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Infected Patients Who Remain Viremic Despite Long-Term Treatment with Protease Inhibitor—Based Therapy

T cell dynamics were studied in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients who continued using antiretroviral therapy despite detectable plasma viremia (RNA copies > 2500 /mL). CD4+ cell fractional replacement rates, measured by the deuterated glucose technique, were lower in treated patients...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2002-02, Vol.185 (3), p.315-323
Main Authors: Deeks, Steven G., Hoh, Rebecca, Grant, Robert M., Wrin, Terri, Barbour, Jason D., Narvaez, Amy, Cesar, Denise, Abe, Ken, Hanley, Mary Beth, Hellmann, Nicholas S., Petropoulos, Christos J., McCune, Joseph M., Hellerstein, Marc K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - physiology
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Cell Cycle
Cross-Sectional Studies
Drug Resistance, Viral
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV Infections - virology
HIV Protease Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immunophenotyping
Infectious diseases
Lymphocyte Activation
Medical sciences
RNA, Viral - blood
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
Viremia - immunology
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Summary:T cell dynamics were studied in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients who continued using antiretroviral therapy despite detectable plasma viremia (RNA copies > 2500 /mL). CD4+ cell fractional replacement rates, measured by the deuterated glucose technique, were lower in treated patients with detectable viremia than in untreated patients and were similar to those in patients with undetectable viremia. Cell cycle and activation markers exhibited similar trends. For any level of viremia, CD4+ cell fractional replacement rates were lower in patients with drug-resistant virus than in patients with wild-type virus, which suggests that the resistant variant was less virulent. Interruption of treatment in patients with drug-resistant viremia resulted in increased CD4+ cell activation, increased CD4+ cell turnover, and decreased CD4+ cell counts. These data indicate that partial virus suppression reduces CD4+ cell turnover and activation, thereby resulting in sustained CD4+ cell gains, and that measurements of T cell dynamics may provide an in vivo marker of viral virulence.
ISSN:0022-1899
1573-6613
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/338467